雅思閱讀同義詞替換四項基本原則 劍6Test2聽力Section2解析【雅思真題】很多朋友對這方面很關心，好教育整理了相關文章，供大家參考，一起來看一下吧！

本文目錄一覽：

• 1、雅思閱讀同義詞替換四項基本原則
• 2、劍6Test2聽力Section2解析【雅思真題】
• 3、劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’SSPORTINGSUCCESS及答案解析

雅思閱讀同義詞替換四項基本原則

1詞性之間的替換

詞性的替換主要是指題目中的關鍵信息與原文中的內(nèi)容在詞性上做了變化而已。這樣的替換相對來說，難度系數(shù)偏低，只需要考生能夠辨認出相同的詞根即可。

Example 1：

Cambridge8，Test3中Q35：Through mutations, organi*s can 35 better to the environment.首先通過mutation一詞將此填空題在原文定位到第C段”Because of changes in the genetic material (mutations) these have new characteristics and in the course of their individual lives they are tested for optimal or better adaptation to the environmental conditions.”然后尋找空后關鍵詞better to，根據(jù)空格前的情態(tài)動詞can推測空格處只能填一個動詞，而且是原形，還要能和to搭配。這么一來，這句話里只有一個對應詞比較合適：adaption，將其變形為動詞adapt即可。

Example 2：

Cambridge6，Test2中Q17Q18：This is largely due to developments in 17 , but other factors such as improved 18 may also be playing a part.定位到原文第四段”Clearly, certain diseases are beating a retreat in the face of medical advances. But there may be other contributing factors. Improvements in childhood nutrition in the first quarter of the twentieth century….”表明有些疾病是被medical advances打敗的。根據(jù)空格前的介詞可以判斷17題缺一個跟developments相關的名詞。正確選項是medical的同根詞M(medicine)。而18題是一個被improved修飾的名詞，原文中improvements是它的同根詞，所以答案是選項J (nutrition)。

這樣的替換，即使單詞是陌生的，卻可以通過相同的詞根或詞形來幫助考生去挑選答案。要想掌握好這樣的替換，也就要求考生盡可能地去多熟悉英語詞匯中各種詞根與詞綴的應用。

劍橋閱讀中出現(xiàn)的同根詞變身：

ability → able

diabetic → diabetes

secrete → secretions

fertilise → fertilisers

creativity → creative

investigative → investigate

prefer → preference

emit → emission

predictability → predicted

2同義詞/近義詞之間的替換

同義詞替換是指考題與原文中的關鍵內(nèi)容用同義詞進行一種互換。此類替換占據(jù)同義替換現(xiàn)象的大部分內(nèi)容，而且?guī)缀跛械念}型都會有這樣的替換現(xiàn)象。且大量常見的詞都會主要是以名詞與動詞為主。

Example 3：

Cambridge6，Test4的Q9：Kim Schaefer’s marketing technique may be open to critici* on moral grounds.在原文第三段中定位到”Selling pharmaceuticals is a daily exercise in ethical judgment,”其中ethical即為原文中moral的同義詞。

考生只需要在平時增加詞匯量時有意識地去注意一些常見同義詞，雅思閱讀的解答也就變得簡單很多了。其實嚴格意義上來講，同義詞應該還包括一些常用詞組或短語之間的一種互換。

Example 4：

Cambridge7，Test4的Q19：Between 1940 and 1959, there was a sharp decrease in Alaska's salmon population.此題為是非判斷題。利用between 1940 and 1959定位到原文第4段Between 1940 and 1959, overfishing led to crashes in salmon population so severe that in 1953 Alaska was declared a federal disaster area. 原文中的crashes與題干中的sharp decrease屬于近義詞(語義相同的詞)之間的替換。

Example 5：

Cambridge6，Test1的Q38Q39：In recent years, many of them have been obliged to give up their 38 lifestyle, but they continue to depend mainly on 39 for their food and clothes.定位到原文D段：Over the past 40 years, most have abandoned their nomadic ways and settled in the territory’s 28 isolated communities, but they still rely heavily on nature to provide food and clothing.題干中提及被迫放棄什么生活方式，因此要求填一個形容詞來修飾lifestyle。而時間狀語in recent years是定位詞。按順序原則，原文的時間狀語over the past 40 years正好跟in recent years對應，abandon與give up，ways和lifestyle對應，答案便是abandon后面的賓語ways的修飾語nomadic。同時判斷depend on后面需要填一個名詞，即依靠什么東西。而后面的food and clothes是非常好的定位詞。很快可以在原文中找到對應depend on的rely on,而后面又有food and clothes。因此可以很清楚地判斷出rely on的賓語nature就是答案。

劍橋中出現(xiàn)的同義詞/近義詞

change → shift / revision

overstate → exaggerate

target → goal

comments → feedback

performance → achievement

metropolitan → city

world → global

perceive → sense / feel

calculate → measure

resemble → look like

link to → associated with

expert → scientist

hard to find → elusive

3.否定加反義之間的替換

Example 6：

Cambridge7，Test1的Q33：In the follow-up class, the teaching activities are similar to those used in conventional classes.根據(jù)順序原則以及follow-up可以定位到原文第6段。Such methods are not unusual in language teaching.題干中similar to和原文的not unusual屬于否定加反義之間的替換。

Example 7：

Cambridge8，Test3的Q38：In principle, it is possible for a biological system to become older without ageing.可以定位到原文第三段Thus ageing and death should not be seen as inevitable, particularly as the organi* possesses many mechani* for repair.題干中possible是原文not inevitable的否定加反義替換。

劍橋閱讀中出現(xiàn)的否定加反義替換

downward → not rising

not traditional → radical new approaches

with no rain at all →droughts

4.上下義詞之間的替換

所謂上下義，是指替換的詞語之間通常有一種從屬關系。在雅思的閱讀中這類替換往往出現(xiàn)在段落配對題之中，題目中給的是一個具有屬性或者是表示概念的詞語，而在原文中出現(xiàn)的替換詞卻是一個具體或者是細節(jié)的信息，考察考生對這兩者之間從屬關系的配對。

Example 8：

Cambridge6，Test3的Q28：Studies show drugs available today can delay the process of growing old。此題為是非判斷題，定位詞為“drugs”，在原文中定位，我們能在文章第一段找到“As researchers on aging noted recently, no treatment on the market today has been proved to slow human aging—the build-up of molecular and cellular damage that increases vulnerability to infirmity as we get older”。原文中treatment即為題干中drugs的上義詞。

Example 9：

Cambridge7，Test1的Q5：early military use of echolocation 。此段落信息配對題在原文定位的句子是“it was only a matter of time before weapons designers adapted it for the detection of submarines.之所以這樣定位，就是原文中weapon一詞作為題干中military的下義詞出現(xiàn)。

劍橋閱讀中出現(xiàn)的上下義詞替換

chemical → fertilizer and pesticide

military → Second World War

body language → gesture

farming → grow plants and herd animals

environment → light, sound and warmth

四種難度依次遞增的同意替換，使雅思閱讀的考題顯得變換無窮，同時也將閱讀的難度提到了一個不同的高度。所以有很多考生抱怨，題目特點和解題技巧都很清楚，定位詞也能找準，可就是定位不到題目在原文中對應內(nèi)容的位置。其實這源于考生沒有真正了解雅思閱讀考查詞匯的變形。所以考生只要掌握4、6級詞匯，熟悉以上四種替換原則，在原文中尋找這些替換表達，即可快速且準確地完成定位和答題。

劍6Test2聽力Section2解析【雅思真題】

您好，我是專注留學考試規(guī)劃和留學咨詢的小鐘老師。留學申請的每一步都充滿挑戰(zhàn)，我在這里為您提供從留學目的地選擇到申請材料準備的全方位支持。您的留學夢想，我們一同實現(xiàn)，敬請訪問！ 請仔細閱讀下文： 題目見劍橋雅思6，第二套試題，聽力Section 2部分： Section2篇章結(jié)構(gòu) 題型：填空，表格填空，多項選擇 考查技能：聽出具體信息 場景：*咨詢火車運營時間 場景背景介紹 本節(jié)對話涉及如何才能*到更便宜的火車票，以及頭等車廂和普通車廂在服務方面的差別。在英國上學如果有一張young person card，在任何時候*火車票都能便宜1/3。如果能夠提前兩周甚至更早訂票，則會有更多相應的優(yōu)惠。另外，單程票和往返票的價錢相差不多；頭等車廂中還提供餐飲服務。 本節(jié)必備詞匯、詞組 leaflet n.宣傳單 excursion n.游覽，短途旅行 commuter line 月票線 surround v.圍繞 buffet car （火車）餐車 acclaim v.喝彩，歡呼，稱贊 refreshments n.茶點，便餐，飲料 climbing wall 攀巖壁 open ticket 不限時間的票 aquarium n.水族館 discount n./v.打折，優(yōu)惠 anticipate v.期待，熱望 fascinating adj.迷人的，醉人的 詞匯拓展 brochure n.小冊子 gymnasium n.體育館 brunch n.早午餐 magnificent adj.壯麗的 cramped adj.擁擠的 marine adj.海洋的 energetic adj.精力充沛的 platform n.站臺 expense n.開銷 spectacular adj.壯觀的 gallery n.畫廊 sunscreen n.太陽傘 文本及疑難解析 1. Well, I can give you lots of details about all the trains going from Trebirch in the South West. 我可以給你很多關于從西南的Trebirch發(fā)車的詳細信息。 2. They leave Trebirch every half hour on weekdays and every hour at weekends. 從Trebirch出發(fā)的車周一至周五每半小時一趟，周末每小時一趟。 3. Only a certain number are available and you have to make seat reservations for these. 只有少數(shù)車次的車票有折扣，而且你必須提前預訂。 因為數(shù)量非常有限，一般只有盡早訂票，才能夠*到比較便宜的車票。上火車時，你手中的座位號對應的位置會貼著一張reserved標簽，而且不可以換座位。 4. Your children will find it just as fascinating as any theme park and they can ride in the original miners’ lifts and on the coal trains. 你的孩子會覺得這（Merthyr Mining Museum）和主題公園一樣令人興奮，而且他們還可以坐那些煤礦工人使用的電梯和運送煤礦的火車。 5. Alternatively, you can be in Birmingham in only an hour and a half, where there's lots to see and do including the new and internationally-acclaimed climbing wall built on the site of the old aquarium. 或者，你可以在伯明翰待一個半小時，那里有很多可以觀光的地方，也有很多可以做的事情，比如你可以到老水族館舊址去看看新建的、得到國際贊譽的攀巖墻。 本句在上下文中是指到布里斯托爾的火車如果在伯明翰中轉(zhuǎn)停留的話，價錢會更便宜。為了說服購票者，售票方經(jīng)常會以本句內(nèi)容當作說辭。 題目解析 11～14題為填空題。 11題注意替換原文中的regional和題干中的local。12題題干中的national在原文中重現(xiàn)，本題沒有難度。13題出現(xiàn)混淆性信息，離站時間分為weekdays和weekends，題目中問的是each day during the week。14題核心詞出現(xiàn)在答案之后，如果注意力不集中很容易錯過答案。 15～17題為表格填空。 l5題的special出現(xiàn)后有答案。16題原文中強調(diào)了advance，之后提到的是題目中給出的至少提前6天。17題沒有難度。 18～20題對應一個題干，只要能聽明白原文中的意思就能夠判斷除。 C、D、G以外的信息均為混淆信息?；疖囌竟ぷ魅藛T用這些地方和當?shù)乜煽吹木包c進行比較。注意聽題時反應要快。 我希望以上的解答能為您的留學規(guī)劃添磚加瓦。留學之路雖曲折，卻不孤單。如有更多疑惑或需要進一步了解，我們的官方網(wǎng)站隨時歡迎您。那里有更詳盡的留學資訊和專家團隊的*指導，助您順利走上留學之路。期待與您的每一次相遇，祝申請順利！

劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’SSPORTINGSUCCESS及答案解析

做好雅思的閱讀題除了掌握對的 方法 ，也離不開我們?nèi)粘５男燎诰毩?，下面我給大家?guī)韯蜓潘奸喿xAUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS及答案解析，一起加油吧！

劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS

READING PASSAGE 1

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS

A They play hard, they play often, and they play to win. Australian sports teams win more than their fair share of titles, demolishing rivals with seeming ease. How do they do it? A big part of the secret is an extensive and expensive network of sporting academies underpinned by science and medicine. At the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS), hundreds of youngsters and pros live and train under the eyes of coaches. Another body, the Australian Sports Commission (ASC), finances programmes of excellence in a total of 96 sports for thousands of sport*en and women. Both provide intensive coaching, training facilities and nutritional advice.

B Inside the academies, science takes centre stage. The AIS employs more than 100 sports scientists and doctors, and collaborates with scores of others in universities and research centres. AIS scientists work across a number of sports, applying skills learned in one — such as building muscle strength in golfers — to others, such as swimming and squash. They are backed up by technicians who design instruments to collect data from athletes. They all focus on one aim: winning. ‘We can’t waste our time looking at ethereal scientific questions that don’t help the coach work with an athlete and improve performance,’ says Peter Fricker, chief of science at AIS.

C A lot of their work comes down to measurement — everything from the exact angle of a swimmer’s dive to the second-by-second power output of a cyclist. This data is used to wring improvements out of athletes. The focus is on individuals, tweaking performances to squeeze an extra hundredth of a second here, an extra millimetre there. No gain is too slight to bother with. It’s the tiny, gradual improvements that add up to world-beating results. To demonstrate how the system works, Bruce Mason at AIS shows off the prototype of a 3D *ysis tool for studying swimmers. A wire-frame model of a champion swimmer slices through the water, her arms moving in slow motion. Looking side-on, Mason measures the distance between strokes. From above, he *yses how her spine swivels. When fully developed, this system will enable him to build a biomechanical profile for coaches to use to help budding swimmers. Mason’s contribution to sport also includes the development of the SWAN (Swimming Analysis) system now used in Australian national competitions. It collects images from digital cameras running at 50 frames a second and breaks down each part of a swimmer’s performance into factors that can be *ysed individually — stroke length, stroke frequency, average duration of each stroke, velocity, start, lap and finish times, and so on. At the end of each race, SWAN spits out data on each swimmer.

D ‘Take a look,’ says Mason, pulling out a sheet of data. He points out the data on the swimmers in second and third place, which shows that the one who finished third actually swam faster. So why did he finish 35 hundredths of a second down? ‘His turn times were 44 hundredths of a second behind the other guy,’ says Mason. ‘If he can improve on his turns, he can do much better.’ This is the kind of accuracy that AIS scientists’ research is bringing to a range of sports. With the Cooperative Research Centre for Micro Technology in Melbourne, they are developing unobtrusive sensors that will be embedded in an athlete’s clothes or running shoes to monitor heart rate, sweating, heat production or any other factor that might have an impact on an athlete’s ability to run. There’s more to it than simply measuring performance. Fricker gives the example of athletes who may be down with coughs and colds 11 or 12 times a year. After years of experimentation, AIS and the University of Newcastle in New South Wales developed a test that measures how much of the immune-system protein immunoglobulin A is present in athletes’ saliva. If IgA levels suddenly fall below a certain level, training is eased or dropped altogether. Soon, IgA levels start rising again, and the danger passes. Since the tests were introduced, AIS athletes in all sports have been remarkably successful at staying healthy.

E Using data is a complex business. Well before a championship, sports scientists and coaches start to prepare the athlete by developing a ‘competition model’, based on what they expect will be the winning times.’ You design the model to make that time,’ says Mason.’ A start of this much, each free-swimming period has to be this fast, with a certain stroke frequency and stroke length, with turns done in these times.’ All the training is then geared towards making the athlete hit those targets, both overall and for each segment of the race. Techniques like these have transformed Australia into arguably the world’s most successful sporting nation.

F Of course, there’s nothing to stop other countries copying — and many have tried. Some years ago, the AIS unveiled coolant-lined jackets for endurance athletes. At the Atlanta Olympic Games in 1996, these sliced as much as two per cent off cyclists’ and rowers’ times. Now everyone uses them. The same has happened to the ‘a(chǎn)ltitude tent’, developed by AIS to replicate the effect of altitude training at sea level. But Australia’s success story is about more than easily copied technological fixes, and up to now no nation has replicated its all-encompassing system.

劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS題目

Questions 1-7

Reading Passage 1 has six paragraphs, A-F.

Which paragraph contains the following information?

Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.

NB You may use any letter more than once.

1 a reference to the exchange of expertise between different sports

2 an explanation of how visual imaging is employed in investigations

3 a reason for narrowing the scope of research activity

4 how some AIS ideas have been reproduced

5 how obstacles to optimum achievement can be investigated

6 an overview of the funded support of athletes

7 how performance requirements are calculated before an event

Questions 8-11

Classify the following techniques according to whether the writer states they

A are currently exclusively used by Australians

B will be used in the future by Australians

C are currently used by both Australians and their rivals

Write the correct letter, A, B or C, in boxes 8-11 on your answer sheet.

8 cameras

9 sensors

10 protein tests

11 altitude tents

Questions 12 and 13

Answer the questions below.

Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS ANDIOR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 12 and 13 on your answer sheet.

12 What is produced to help an athlete plan their performance in an event?

13 By how much did some cyclists’ performance improve at the 1996 Olympic Games?

劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS答案

Question 1

答案：B

關鍵詞：exchange of expertise, between different sports/collaborate, across a number of sports

定位原文：B段第2、3句“...and collaborates with… a number of sports …”

解題思路: 題干中講到不同體育領域的專業(yè)知識交流正好跟原文中跨不同體育專家之間的合作相對應，理解意思即可容易找到正確答案。

Question 2

答案：C

關鍵詞: visual imaging/3D, image

定位原文: C段第6句: “...shows off the prototype of a 3D *ysis …”

解題思路: 通過題干中的視頻成像可以很容易找到原文中對應的3D和成像。

Question 3

答案：B

關鍵詞: a reason for narrowing/ can’t waste time

定位原文: B段最后1句: “We can’t waste our time looking…”

解題思路: 題目中的research activity和原文中的scientific questions 屬于同義表達，定位答題區(qū)域，發(fā)現(xiàn)此句話所要表達的意思是不在一些飄渺的、不切實際的科學問題上浪費時間，也就是說要縮小研究的范圍。

Question 4

答案：F

關鍵詞：AIS ideas reproduce/ copying

定位原文: F段第1句話 “Of course, there’s nothing…”

解題思路: 題干中的reproduce是復制的意思，之后從 文章 中發(fā)現(xiàn) 句子 有復制copying，即可以直接定位。

Question 5

答案：D

關鍵詞：Obstacle, investigated/ impact, monitor

定位原文: D段第6句“... to monitor heart rate…”

解題思路: 題干提到理想成績的障礙是如何被調(diào)查研究的，而讀到對應句子之后看到正好是sensors(傳感器)對于運動員跑步的impact(影響)進行研究的儀器，而且obstacles和impact對應。

Question 6

答案：A

關鍵詞：Overview, funded support finance

定位原文: A段倒數(shù)第2句 “...finances programmes of excellence…”

解題思路: finances是解題關鍵，意思為資助，正好跟題干中funded support表達了相同的義項，直接對應。而且之后一句話提及以上項目所提供的服務和建議，可以確信答案。

Question 7

答案：E

關鍵詞：Calculated before an event/ using data, well before a championship

定位原文: E段第1句、第2句 “Using data is a complex business. Well before a championship, ...”

解題思路: 首先通過well before a championship和文章中before an event定位到E段， 之后發(fā)現(xiàn)后面提及的“競爭模型”作用就是計算時間和速率，因此內(nèi)容對應上calculate，此時可斷定答案的位置。

Question 8

答案：A

關鍵詞: digital cameras

定位原文: C段倒數(shù)第3句: “..SWAN system now used in Australian national…”

解題思路: 前一句已經(jīng)提到該系統(tǒng)已廣泛應用于澳大利亞各項全國賽事之中，而沒有提到其他國家，因此可以判斷應該只有澳大利亞人在使用。

Question 9

答案：B

關鍵詞：sensor

定位原文: D段第7句：“...With the Cooperative Research Centre for Micro…”

解題思路: 找到相同對應詞sensor，讀其前后的句子，發(fā)現(xiàn)有 Melbourne，斷定是澳大利亞人的發(fā)明。之后要特別留心動詞develop運用現(xiàn)在進行時，表示正在開發(fā);而且注意之后的定語從句采用了將來時，所以可以斷定此發(fā)明還沒有完成，應該屬于將來的成果。因此選擇B。

Question 10

答案: A

關鍵詞：protein

定位原文: D段倒數(shù)第4句: “… AIS and the University of Newcastle…”

解題思路: 非常容易在前面第一句話中找到跟題目protein tests所對應的詞語a test ...protein。之后細讀前后句，發(fā)現(xiàn)后面一句話對于此項科技成果的受益者文章中只提到AIS運動員，即澳大利亞體育學院的運動員，隸屬于澳大利亞，所以應該選擇A。

Question 11

答案：C

關鍵詞: altitude tent

定位原文: F段倒數(shù)第2句: “The same has happened to the ‘a(chǎn)ltitude tent ’…”

解題思路: 文章中很容易找到用引號括起來的題目中的名詞 短語 ，因此只要細心讀原句，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)開頭的‘The same has happened...’同樣的事情也發(fā)生在……根據(jù) 經(jīng)驗 應該順著文章向上追溯，發(fā)現(xiàn)跟‘a(chǎn)ltitude tent’相同情況的是1996年奧運會上澳大利亞人受益的流線型散熱運動服現(xiàn)在全世界都在用。因此 ‘a(chǎn)ltitude tent’也被世界各國應用。所以答案應該選擇C。且根據(jù)此段話大意可以了解文章只提到兩種研究成果被別國運用，即髙原帳蓬和流線型散熱服。所以可以間接判斷前三項成果是由澳大利人獨享的。

Question 12

答案： (a)competition model

關鍵詞： help an athlete plan, produced / prepare the athlete by, developing

定位原文: E段第1句“Using data…”

解題思路: Help an athlete plan their performance 對應上prepare the athlete by之后，要認真研究題目所問的是what is produced,斷定所作答案必定要填一個名詞。因此要細讀原文發(fā)現(xiàn)有單詞developing恰與produced相對應，中文意思是“開發(fā)”，則答案必定是開發(fā)之后的名詞。

Question 13

答案： (by)2 percent/%

關鍵詞： 19% Olympic Games, cyclists, improve

定位原文: F段第3句“At the Atlanta…”

解題思路: 分析問句是 ‘By how much... improve’，意思為“提高了多少”，可以判斷出答案需要寫一個數(shù)字。因此仔細閱讀相關語句找到 sliced as much as two per cent off cyclists ‘a(chǎn)nd rowers’ time。很快就可以找到數(shù)字百分之二

。

以上就是好教育為大家?guī)淼难潘奸喿x同義詞替換四項基本原則 劍6Test2聽力Section2解析【雅思真題】，希望能幫助到大家！