今天好教育好教育小編（HaojiaOyu.nEt）整理了雅思機經(jīng)：2023.4.21 雅思閱讀機經(jīng)考題 2023年劍橋雅思閱讀真題解析：Thomas Young相關內(nèi)容，希望能幫助到大家，一起來看下吧。

本文目錄一覽：

• 1、劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’SSPORTINGSUCCESS及答案解析
• 2、雅思機經(jīng)：2023.4.21 雅思閱讀機經(jīng)考題
• 3、2023年劍橋雅思閱讀真題解析：Thomas Young

劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’SSPORTINGSUCCESS及答案解析

做好雅思的閱讀題除了掌握對的 方法 ，也離不開我們?nèi)粘５男燎诰毩暎旅嫖医o大家?guī)韯蜓潘奸喿xAUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS及答案解析，一起加油吧！

劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS

READING PASSAGE 1

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS

A They play hard, they play often, and they play to win. Australian sports teams win more than their fair share of titles, demolishing rivals with seeming ease. How do they do it? A big part of the secret is an extensive and expensive network of sporting academies underpinned by science and medicine. At the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS), hundreds of youngsters and pros live and train under the eyes of coaches. Another body, the Australian Sports Commission (ASC), finances programmes of excellence in a total of 96 sports for thousands of sport*en and women. Both provide intensive coaching, training facilities and nutritional advice.

B Inside the academies, science takes centre stage. The AIS employs more than 100 sports scientists and doctors, and collaborates with scores of others in universities and research centres. AIS scientists work across a number of sports, applying skills learned in one — such as building muscle strength in golfers — to others, such as swimming and squash. They are backed up by technicians who design instruments to collect data from athletes. They all focus on one aim: winning. ‘We can’t waste our time looking at ethereal scientific questions that don’t help the coach work with an athlete and improve performance,’ says Peter Fricker, chief of science at AIS.

C A lot of their work comes down to measurement — everything from the exact angle of a swimmer’s dive to the second-by-second power output of a cyclist. This data is used to wring improvements out of athletes. The focus is on individuals, tweaking performances to squeeze an extra hundredth of a second here, an extra millimetre there. No gain is too slight to bother with. It’s the tiny, gradual improvements that add up to world-beating results. To demonstrate how the system works, Bruce Mason at AIS shows off the prototype of a 3D *ysis tool for studying swimmers. A wire-frame model of a champion swimmer slices through the water, her arms moving in slow motion. Looking side-on, Mason measures the distance between strokes. From above, he *yses how her spine swivels. When fully developed, this system will enable him to build a biomechanical profile for coaches to use to help budding swimmers. Mason’s contribution to sport also includes the development of the SWAN (Swimming Analysis) system now used in Australian national competitions. It collects images from digital cameras running at 50 frames a second and breaks down each part of a swimmer’s performance into factors that can be *ysed individually — stroke length, stroke frequency, average duration of each stroke, velocity, start, lap and finish times, and so on. At the end of each race, SWAN spits out data on each swimmer.

D ‘Take a look,’ says Mason, pulling out a sheet of data. He points out the data on the swimmers in second and third place, which shows that the one who finished third actually swam faster. So why did he finish 35 hundredths of a second down? ‘His turn times were 44 hundredths of a second behind the other guy,’ says Mason. ‘If he can improve on his turns, he can do much better.’ This is the kind of accuracy that AIS scientists’ research is bringing to a range of sports. With the Cooperative Research Centre for Micro Technology in Melbourne, they are developing unobtrusive sensors that will be embedded in an athlete’s clothes or running shoes to monitor heart rate, sweating, heat production or any other factor that might have an impact on an athlete’s ability to run. There’s more to it than simply measuring performance. Fricker gives the example of athletes who may be down with coughs and colds 11 or 12 times a year. After years of experimentation, AIS and the University of Newcastle in New South Wales developed a test that measures how much of the immune-system protein immunoglobulin A is present in athletes’ saliva. If IgA levels suddenly fall below a certain level, training is eased or dropped altogether. Soon, IgA levels start rising again, and the danger passes. Since the tests were introduced, AIS athletes in all sports have been remarkably successful at staying healthy.

E Using data is a complex business. Well before a championship, sports scientists and coaches start to prepare the athlete by developing a ‘competition model’, based on what they expect will be the winning times.’ You design the model to make that time,’ says Mason.’ A start of this much, each free-swimming period has to be this fast, with a certain stroke frequency and stroke length, with turns done in these times.’ All the training is then geared towards making the athlete hit those targets, both overall and for each segment of the race. Techniques like these have transformed Australia into arguably the world’s most successful sporting nation.

F Of course, there’s nothing to stop other countries copying — and many have tried. Some years ago, the AIS unveiled coolant-lined jackets for endurance athletes. At the Atlanta Olympic Games in 1996, these sliced as much as two per cent off cyclists’ and rowers’ times. Now everyone uses them. The same has happened to the ‘a(chǎn)ltitude tent’, developed by AIS to replicate the effect of altitude training at sea level. But Australia’s success story is about more than easily copied technological fixes, and up to now no nation has replicated its all-encompassing system.

劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS題目

Questions 1-7

Reading Passage 1 has six paragraphs, A-F.

Which paragraph contains the following information?

Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.

NB You may use any letter more than once.

1 a reference to the exchange of expertise between different sports

2 an explanation of how visual imaging is employed in investigations

3 a reason for narrowing the scope of research activity

4 how some AIS ideas have been reproduced

5 how obstacles to optimum achievement can be investigated

6 an overview of the funded support of athletes

7 how performance requirements are calculated before an event

Questions 8-11

Classify the following techniques according to whether the writer states they

A are currently exclusively used by Australians

B will be used in the future by Australians

C are currently used by both Australians and their rivals

Write the correct letter, A, B or C, in boxes 8-11 on your answer sheet.

8 cameras

9 sensors

10 protein tests

11 altitude tents

Questions 12 and 13

Answer the questions below.

Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS ANDIOR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 12 and 13 on your answer sheet.

12 What is produced to help an athlete plan their performance in an event?

13 By how much did some cyclists’ performance improve at the 1996 Olympic Games?

劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS答案

Question 1

答案：B

關鍵詞：exchange of expertise, between different sports/collaborate, across a number of sports

定位原文：B段第2、3句“...and collaborates with… a number of sports …”

解題思路: 題干中講到不同體育領域的專業(yè)知識交流正好跟原文中跨不同體育專家之間的合作相對應，理解意思即可容易找到正確答案。

Question 2

答案：C

關鍵詞: visual imaging/3D, image

定位原文: C段第6句: “...shows off the prototype of a 3D *ysis …”

解題思路: 通過題干中的視頻成像可以很容易找到原文中對應的3D和成像。

Question 3

答案：B

關鍵詞: a reason for narrowing/ can’t waste time

定位原文: B段最后1句: “We can’t waste our time looking…”

解題思路: 題目中的research activity和原文中的scientific questions 屬于同義表達，定位答題區(qū)域，發(fā)現(xiàn)此句話所要表達的意思是不在一些飄渺的、不切實際的科學問題上浪費時間，也就是說要縮小研究的范圍。

Question 4

答案：F

關鍵詞：AIS ideas reproduce/ copying

定位原文: F段第1句話 “Of course, there’s nothing…”

解題思路: 題干中的reproduce是復制的意思，之后從 文章 中發(fā)現(xiàn) 句子 有復制copying，即可以直接定位。

Question 5

答案：D

關鍵詞：Obstacle, investigated/ impact, monitor

定位原文: D段第6句“... to monitor heart rate…”

解題思路: 題干提到理想成績的障礙是如何被調(diào)查研究的，而讀到對應句子之后看到正好是sensors(傳感器)對于運動員跑步的impact(影響)進行研究的儀器，而且obstacles和impact對應。

Question 6

答案：A

關鍵詞：Overview, funded support finance

定位原文: A段倒數(shù)第2句 “...finances programmes of excellence…”

解題思路: finances是解題關鍵，意思為資助，正好跟題干中funded support表達了相同的義項，直接對應。而且之后一句話提及以上項目所提供的服務和建議，可以確信答案。

Question 7

答案：E

關鍵詞：Calculated before an event/ using data, well before a championship

定位原文: E段第1句、第2句 “Using data is a complex business. Well before a championship, ...”

解題思路: 首先通過well before a championship和文章中before an event定位到E段， 之后發(fā)現(xiàn)后面提及的“競爭模型”作用就是計算時間和速率，因此內(nèi)容對應上calculate，此時可斷定答案的位置。

Question 8

答案：A

關鍵詞: digital cameras

定位原文: C段倒數(shù)第3句: “..SWAN system now used in Australian national…”

解題思路: 前一句已經(jīng)提到該系統(tǒng)已廣泛應用于澳大利亞各項全國賽事之中，而沒有提到其他國家，因此可以判斷應該只有澳大利亞人在使用。

Question 9

答案：B

關鍵詞：sensor

定位原文: D段第7句：“...With the Cooperative Research Centre for Micro…”

解題思路: 找到相同對應詞sensor，讀其前后的句子，發(fā)現(xiàn)有 Melbourne，斷定是澳大利亞人的發(fā)明。之后要特別留心動詞develop運用現(xiàn)在進行時，表示正在開發(fā);而且注意之后的定語從句采用了將來時，所以可以斷定此發(fā)明還沒有完成，應該屬于將來的成果。因此選擇B。

Question 10

答案: A

關鍵詞：protein

定位原文: D段倒數(shù)第4句: “… AIS and the University of Newcastle…”

解題思路: 非常容易在前面第一句話中找到跟題目protein tests所對應的詞語a test ...protein。之后細讀前后句，發(fā)現(xiàn)后面一句話對于此項科技成果的受益者文章中只提到AIS運動員，即澳大利亞體育學院的運動員，隸屬于澳大利亞，所以應該選擇A。

Question 11

答案：C

關鍵詞: altitude tent

定位原文: F段倒數(shù)第2句: “The same has happened to the ‘a(chǎn)ltitude tent ’…”

解題思路: 文章中很容易找到用引號括起來的題目中的名詞 短語 ，因此只要細心讀原句，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)開頭的‘The same has happened...’同樣的事情也發(fā)生在……根據(jù) 經(jīng)驗 應該順著文章向上追溯，發(fā)現(xiàn)跟‘a(chǎn)ltitude tent’相同情況的是1996年奧運會上澳大利亞人受益的流線型散熱運動服現(xiàn)在全世界都在用。因此 ‘a(chǎn)ltitude tent’也被世界各國應用。所以答案應該選擇C。且根據(jù)此段話大意可以了解文章只提到兩種研究成果被別國運用，即髙原帳蓬和流線型散熱服。所以可以間接判斷前三項成果是由澳大利人獨享的。

Question 12

答案： (a)competition model

關鍵詞： help an athlete plan, produced / prepare the athlete by, developing

定位原文: E段第1句“Using data…”

解題思路: Help an athlete plan their performance 對應上prepare the athlete by之后，要認真研究題目所問的是what is produced,斷定所作答案必定要填一個名詞。因此要細讀原文發(fā)現(xiàn)有單詞developing恰與produced相對應，中文意思是“開發(fā)”，則答案必定是開發(fā)之后的名詞。

Question 13

答案： (by)2 percent/%

關鍵詞： 19% Olympic Games, cyclists, improve

定位原文: F段第3句“At the Atlanta…”

解題思路: 分析問句是 ‘By how much... improve’，意思為“提高了多少”，可以判斷出答案需要寫一個數(shù)字。因此仔細閱讀相關語句找到 sliced as much as two per cent off cyclists ‘a(chǎn)nd rowers’ time。很快就可以找到數(shù)字百分之二

。

雅思機經(jīng)：2023.4.21 雅思閱讀機經(jīng)考題

您好，我是專注留學考試規(guī)劃和留學咨詢的小鐘老師。在追尋留學夢想的路上，選擇合適的學校和專業(yè)，準備相關考試，都可能讓人感到迷茫和困擾。作為一名有經(jīng)驗的留學顧問，我在此為您提供全方位的專業(yè)咨詢和指導。歡迎隨時提問！ 下面是2023年4月21日雅思閱讀機經(jīng)的內(nèi)容，包括了這次考試涉及到的有印度鄉(xiāng)村的交通，肌肉萎縮和英國的森林等非常流行的閱讀話題。為了更好的備考雅思閱讀考試，我們一起來看看這三篇雅思閱讀考題的內(nèi)容吧。 Reading Passage 1 Title: Practical Action （印度鄉(xiāng)村的交通） Question types: YES/NO/NOT GIVEN Sentence completion 填圖題 文章內(nèi)容回顧 這篇講的是印度鄉(xiāng)村的交通狀況，農(nóng)村地區(qū)的交通不便給當?shù)亟?jīng)濟帶來的不利，講到*應該更加重視落后地區(qū)的交通問題。第一個題型判斷題是根據(jù)前三段做的，中間部分介紹了一個慈善組織做的事情，后面講了這個組織農(nóng)的一個送生病者去醫(yī)院的山寨救護車，還可以有家屬陪同，還有cover防雨什么的，后面的填圖題根據(jù)最后兩段填的。 題型難度分析 第一種題型，有4個Yes, No, Not given的判斷，這是這次考試僅有的四個判斷，難度不大，屬于細節(jié)題型集中在前三段。 第二種和第三種都是填空類題型，相對而言內(nèi)容較為簡單，文章定位也容易，因此總的來說，第一篇相對簡單。 題型技巧分析 填空題型根據(jù)出題形式的不同，填空類題型可以分為Sentence completion（句子填空題），Summary（段落摘要），Summary with a box （帶選項的段落摘要），Table completion（表格題），F(xiàn)low chart（流程圖），Diagram labelling（圖片題）等六大題型。傳統(tǒng)的分題型講解的方法傾向于把這些題型拆開，但是殊不知這些題型的出題思路大同小異，一旦掌握了這些題目的共性，做題就會變得易如反掌。 首先，我們來看一下這些雅思填空類題目的出題共同特點： 1. 考查內(nèi)容均為細節(jié) 每一道填空題的題目基本上都是對原文的一句話或者幾句話進行的同義改寫，不會出現(xiàn)對多句話或者是整段進行的概括歸納。 2. 所填答案基本唯一 雖然這種考試需要考生自己書寫答案，但是所有答案均來自于原文，不需要進行考生用自己的語言對原詞進行改寫。極個別情況下會出現(xiàn)詞序顛倒，但是基本上不需要考生進行詞性、時態(tài)、單復數(shù)等屈折形式的轉(zhuǎn)換。這是由雅思閱讀的目的所決定的，雅思閱讀只考查考生的閱讀能力，而無意檢驗考生的寫作能力。 3. 所有題目均有字數(shù)限制 所有這類題目的指令里面都包括字數(shù)限制的要求，一般都是不超過3個字，這同樣是由閱讀考試客觀性、標準性的性質(zhì)所決定的。如果對答案不設字數(shù)限制，那么往往會導致出現(xiàn)多個標準答案的現(xiàn)象，這也是不符合考試的原則的。因為閱卷的時候標準答案越少，試卷的批閱的過程就越客觀、越公正。 4. 題目都是原文的同義改寫 雅思閱讀考試的本質(zhì)是考查英語使用者的書面英語能力，在很大程度上就是看考生在一定的英語語言基礎上的閱讀技能。尋找原文的過程是對考生閱讀技能的檢驗，而題目本身則是考查考生的語言功底，即詞匯和語法基礎。所以每道填空題目都會用另外一種方式對原文中的句子進行同義改寫，這種同義轉(zhuǎn)換包括詞匯的轉(zhuǎn)換和句型的轉(zhuǎn)換兩種方式。 5. 基本都講順序原則 除了帶選項的段落摘要題比較不穩(wěn)定之外，其它所有的填空題都比較嚴格地遵循順序原則，即題號的順序與原文的順序一致。掌握這條原則，考生將有效地縮短尋找答案的時間。 劍橋雅思推薦原文練習 劍橋7 test 2 passage3 Reading Passage 2 Title: Muscle Loss Question types: Which paragraph contains the following information? Pick from a list Summary completion 文章內(nèi)容回顧 第二篇是講肌肉萎縮之類的，科學家發(fā)明一種藥能從人體內(nèi)部作用于細胞，抵抗這種退化，而不是以往的觀念，要運動鍛煉肌肉。但可能有一些副作用，而且效用不持久。這種藥物治療還是將有利于老年人等肌肉萎縮無力的人群，但也將不可避免的被運動員等用以……我忘了原文怎么說的了，大概就是inappropriate use. 前面是段落細節(jié)信息配對，然后5選2 題目是關于研究過程中和成果中，下列哪些說得對，答案大概都出自C段應該是集中在一兩段的樣子，然后文章中講了一個superboy, 他3、5歲就能每手拿起3公斤（應該是答案）的東西，科學家就研究他，發(fā)現(xiàn)他媽媽是professional runners（好像是答案），而且他媽媽的親戚中也有人……類似這種先天基因，忘記了。然后就出了一堆填空題就講這件事。 英文原文閱讀 One injection may be all that is needed to reverse muscle wasting in cancer, if an experimental technique used in mice can one day be made to work in people. Like humans, mice with cancer experience severe muscle wasting. Mice with colon cancer studied by HQ Han and colleagues at Amgen Research in California stopped eating, and lost 20 per cent of their body weight in three weeks. Many tumours produce a molecule called activin, which plays a role in muscle breakdown. So Han and his team injected a protein that mops up excess activin, five or 14 days after mice were implanted with a colon tumour. In both cases, the mice started eating and their body weight returned to normal within two weeks. Mice with gonad tumours responded in a similar way. The treatment also led to the mice surviving longer. By the time all the untreated mice had died, around 90 per cent of the treated mice were still alive. "The findings highlight the importance of preserving muscle mass for survival," says Kate Murphy at the University of Melbourne. BIGGER, stronger muscles can be produced by gene therapy, an experiment on mice suggests. Loss of muscle mass can cripple and kill patients with conditions such as muscular dystrophy. And even ordinary ageing saps up to one third of our strength. "Slowing down that process could mean the difference between someone being mobile and being helpless," says Lee Sweeney, a physiologist at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. One possible explanation for muscle decline is an inability to repair normal damage. When muscle cells are damaged they send molecular signals to nearby "satellite" cells, which then produce new cells that fuse with the muscle and repair the damage. Sweeney suspected that muscle cells might stay sturdy if they pumped out more of these signals. To test this, he and his colleagues added the gene for insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which stimulates satellite-cell activity in a test tube, to a ... 題型難度分析 第一種題型是段落細節(jié)信息配對，這個題型是雅思閱讀中難度較高的題。這個文章有6個題目，8個段落，這六個題內(nèi)容涉及到人們抵抗什么藥，misuse藥物對老年人有益，已經(jīng)存在的一個方法的不好的地方，被證明不能長期有效，未來一個計劃將帶來的問題。 第二種題型是多選題，5選2，答案集中，集中在第三段。 第三種題型是摘要題，無選項。有個被稱為superboy（題目里給的）的小孩，一開始的時候?qū)＜矣^察他不fat（不確定）然后他5歲時雙手可以個舉起5kgs（具體記不清了大概這個數(shù)）的東西，然后他媽媽是個（running 什么的，就是和運動有關的），還有個空忘記了。最后說他體內(nèi)缺少什么，在那一段最后提到了，一個專有名詞。 題型技巧分析 細節(jié)配對是雅思考試中比較難的題型，我們來分析一下這類題目的做題技巧： 首先，讓我們來了解一下這種題目的出題特點。 1. 徹底同義轉(zhuǎn)換 和其它題型不同的是，這種題型是對原文一句話或者一段話進行的徹底同義轉(zhuǎn)換，個別甚至是高度概括，因此幾乎不存在任何定位詞，因此不能根據(jù)定位詞到原文中定位答案?？忌仨毦邆浞浅姷恼Z言理解能力，才能快速識別出文章信息和段落信息的相似之處，從而找到答案。 2. 完全亂序 由于這種題型是要求把細節(jié)信息與所在的段落進行配對，因此是絕對打亂順序出題的。 3. 部分題目存在重復選項 在雅思閱讀中，段落細節(jié)配對題以兩種形式出現(xiàn)，一種是每個選項只能用一次，另外一種題型，在Instruction的最后一句往往有這樣的提示： NB You may use any letter more than once. 如果出現(xiàn)這樣的提示，則說明某些段落可以重復選用。劍橋真題集中的真題以及筆者、考生的實際考試經(jīng)歷證明，這種指令往往意味著有且僅有一個選項可以使用兩次。 4. 從題量上來看，存在著以下兩種可能： 1) 題量=段落數(shù)+1（肯定帶NB） 2) 題量小于段落數(shù)兩個以上 由于每個選項只能重復使用一次，因此第一種題型就意味著每個段落都會有至少一個答案，而第二種題型則不能保證每段都有。 5. 永遠是第一個題型 不管在A類考試還是G類的考試中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，這種題目永遠是出現(xiàn)在第一個題型，而且這種題型與段落標題配對題型List of headings屬于“相克題型”，即這兩者不可能同時出現(xiàn)。 6. 有部分題目與其后的題目有關聯(lián) 由于這種題型一般都是跨全文出的，因此跟后面的題目不可避免地出現(xiàn)交叉，因此有可能根據(jù)后面的題目來推斷出細節(jié)所在的位置。 題量=段落數(shù)+1, 且?guī)B的題型： 前面講過，由于段落細節(jié)配對題的出題特點，這種題型往往暗示了每段都會有至少一個答案，那么這種題目適合用“通篇瀏覽”的方法來做。 具體步驟如下： 1. 閱讀所有題目，劃出關鍵詞 關鍵詞就是能最大限度上概括整個句子的單詞或短語，第一步劃出關鍵詞，在短時間內(nèi)將所有的題目進行高度的濃縮，符合人類短期記憶的規(guī)律。 2. 通讀所有段落，依次尋找答案 因為每段都會有答案，因此現(xiàn)在所需要做的事情就是到每段去找答案。要注意在選出信息后，要在選出的段落上做上記號，以免浪費時間。 劍橋雅思推薦原文練習 劍橋6 test1 passage1 Reading Passage 3 Title: British Woodlands （ 英國的森林 ） Question types: Which paragraph contains the following information? Summary completion with box 文章內(nèi)容回顧 講的是英國woodlands的演變利用和最后的管理，大致文章脈絡是在人類的入侵之前英國的植被覆蓋情況----人類初期的入侵方式c什么的和burning, 砍伐和火燒吧----工業(yè)革命之后，建筑的土木結(jié)構(gòu)被磚石結(jié)構(gòu)替代以及煤炭替代木材作為燃燒原料之后，人們對森林的掠奪從以燃燒原料和建筑材料為目的到了以工業(yè)發(fā)展為目的，machinery還有chemicals的引入使森林的狀況日趨惡化----- 人們意識到保護森林的重要，開始投入人力物力進行保護----對此做法的評判，有積極影響，但局限是這些人以經(jīng)濟利益為目的，一旦profits disappear, they will stop. 題型難度分析 第一種題型是段落細節(jié)信息配對，有7個問題，和文中8個段落配對，有一個重復的，包括生物學的證明woodland的appearance, 在人類的影響下特定物種的突出，對incentive system的質(zhì)疑（就是不支持financial的政策）等。 最后是一個摘要總結(jié)題有選項的。先說在人們的影響下有些species占了主導，然后人們控制數(shù)量，用burning, 然后是machinery的引入對樹的影響，然后人們的行為影響了野生動物的habitat, 最后是*的支持grants到處可見，還有個題說rigid什么patterns to gain more profit。 題型技巧分析 Summary題型在閱讀中是填空題型中的一種，是主流題型。 按照范圍，這類題可分成全文題和段落題，按照填空內(nèi)容, summary也可分原文原詞或從多個選項中選詞。原文原詞的題目要求中會有from the Reading Passage的字樣。從多個選項中選詞，選項的數(shù)目常常超過題目空格的數(shù)目。一般有選項類的summary, 各項之間極有可能亂序，而不像原文原詞類的summary, 從劍5至劍7，均為按順序出題。 下面我們來看看解題步驟： （1）仔細讀summary的第一句話，找出它在原文中的出處，通常是和原文某段話的第一句相對應。如果題目要求中已經(jīng)指出了summary的出處，則此步可以略去不做。 （2）注意空格前后的詞，到原文中去找這些詞的對應詞。 對應詞的特點如下： A. 原詞，這種可能性不大，如果有，也往往出現(xiàn)在一套題三篇閱讀的第一篇中。 B. 詞性變化，也即為同根詞轉(zhuǎn)化，這點在新東方的詞匯課上，老師都有專門講述。 C. 語態(tài)變化；主動變被動，在2023年的各次考試中，這種變化比較普遍。 D. 同義詞；如空格前的詞為develop，原文中的詞為produce，兩個詞在雅思考試中，都?？佳邪l(fā)的意思。 （3）利用排除法，把summary每一個對應詞在原文中的映射劃去，基本上，原文那一句就不剩幾個詞了，根據(jù)詞性把剩下的詞挑出來就好。 （4）注意語法和邏輯，所填答案必須符合語法規(guī)定，填上的詞，也要配合原文讀讀，看看邏輯上是不是說得通。 TIPS： 1. 注意題目要求中是否有字數(shù)限制。 若要求從原文選詞或自己寫詞，會有字數(shù)要求，如Use ONE OR TWO WORDS等，答案必須滿足這個要求。 2. 若從原文選詞，只能選原文中連續(xù)的幾個詞，不能改變它們的順序。 如原文為virgin fiber,答案不可能是fiber virgin。原文為 advances in the technology，答案不可能是technology advances。 3. 若要求從原文選詞，越是生詞，越可能是答案。 下列比較生僻的詞如sustainable（可持續(xù)的）、biodegradable（可生物降解的）、contaminants（廢物，雜物）、nostrils（鼻孔）都是一些題目的答案。 4. 從選項中選詞，要注意看題目要求是寫答案本身，還是寫選項前的代表字母。 選項前有代表字母的，肯定是要求答代表字母。最近的考試中，選項前大部分都有代表字母。 5. 從選項中選詞，答案與原文的六大對應關系。 （1）原文原詞：與原文完全相同的詞或短語。 （2）詞性變化：原文為necessary，是形容詞，選項為necessity，是名詞。 （3）語態(tài)變化：原文為Governments have encouraged waste paper collection and sorting schemes，是主動語態(tài)。summary中的句子為people have also been encouraged by government to collect their waste on a regular basis，是被動語態(tài)。 （4）圖表：如果原文中有圖表，一般會有一題答案來自圖表。 （5）同義詞：原文為tight，選項為restricted，是同義詞。 （6）歸納：有時文中沒有直接提及，須從幾句話中歸納出答案。一般比較難，目前考試中，至少有一個空格是歸納出來的。 6. 從選項中選詞，如果時間不夠，可以直接從選項中選擇，不看原文。 這時，要特別注意語法。這樣做的準確性50%左右（視題目的難易及考生的水平而定）。所以，除非時間不夠，否則不建議大家這樣做。 7. 如果要求自己寫詞，答案絕大部分是原文原詞，少部分是對原文原詞做的形式上的修改。 要求自己寫詞的機率很小，遇到過一次。在這一次的5個題目中有4個答案是原文原詞，剩下一個，原文原詞是de-inked, 答案根據(jù)語法的需要改為de-ink。 劍橋雅思推薦原文練習 劍橋6 test2 passage2 考試趨勢分析和備考指導： 本次雅思閱讀考試和今年以往的考試一樣出現(xiàn)了很多“人見人煩”的配對題，尤其是段落細節(jié)配對題，在這次考試中有兩次。接下來的雅思閱讀考試題型很有可能將會出現(xiàn)“判斷題數(shù)量持續(xù)下降，配對題比重穩(wěn)中有升，題型分布不均勻”這三大特點。判斷題由于其出題周期長，出題成本相對較大，同時，有些情況下判斷題并不能非常精確地衡量考生的英語水平（無數(shù)考生反映完全讀懂文章但是由于思路問題，判斷題經(jīng)常做錯，而很多考生通過投機取巧的方法卻能把題目“蒙”對），所以雅思官方正在逐漸淡化這種題型。本次考試只有4個判斷題，正說明了這一點：這種題型作為雅思的特色題型，在短時間內(nèi)是不可能完全消失的，但數(shù)量上會下降。所以考生仍然不可忽視這種題型的復習。 未來幾個月配對題數(shù)量將大大增加。之所以考生覺得配對題難，是因為這種題型幾乎無法進行猜測，基本上要靠語言實力，也就是說只有讀懂了才能把題目做對。其次，從猜對的概率上來看，判斷題的概率是1/3, 單選題的概率為1/4, 但配對題根據(jù)題量或段落數(shù)的不同，可能性只有1/10到1/6左右，而且配對題中一旦一題做錯，往往會影響后面的題目。這就決定了這種題目的難度，而正是因為此，這種題型受到了考官的青睞。 應對策略：考生要特別注意每一種題型的復習，切不可因僥幸心理忽視了某種題型技巧的復習，因為很有可能忽略的題型成為考試中的主導題型。 由于配對題對考生的詞匯和句型理解要求相當高，所以每位考生在上考場之前一定要把自己的英語基本功打牢，達到雅思所要求的詞匯量和語法要求。畢竟雅思考試是考查真實的語言能力?；A薄弱的同學一定要開始認真打基礎，穩(wěn)扎穩(wěn)打，反復操練，逐漸積累，切不可迷信所謂“技巧”，因為任何應試技巧都是建立在英語基礎之上的，沒有扎實的英語功底，任何技巧都是空談?；A較好而考分要求較高的同學也不可驕傲自大，應耐心地將自己做錯的題目仔細和原文進行比對、分析，時間允許的話應當將文章進行仔細的閱讀。 希望以上的答復能對您的留學申請有所幫助。如果您有任何更詳細的問題或需要進一步的協(xié)助，我強烈推薦您訪問我們的留學官方網(wǎng)站 ，在那里您可以找到更多專業(yè)的留學考試規(guī)劃和留學資料以及*的咨詢服務。祝您留學申請順利！

2023年劍橋雅思閱讀真題解析：Thomas Young

您好，我是專注留學考試規(guī)劃和留學咨詢的小鐘老師。在追尋留學夢想的路上，選擇合適的學校和專業(yè)，準備相關考試，都可能讓人感到迷茫和困擾。作為一名有經(jīng)驗的留學顧問，我在此為您提供全方位的專業(yè)咨詢和指導。歡迎隨時提問！ 對于雅思考生來說，劍橋雅思閱讀題難不難？下面就和小鐘老師一起來看看2023年劍橋雅思閱讀真題解析：Thomas Young。 Thomas Young The Last True Know-It-All A Thomas Young （1773-1829） contributed 63 articles to the Encyclopedia Britannica， including 46 biographical entries （mostly on scientists and classicists） and substantial essays on ＂Bridge，” ＂Chromatics，＂ ＂Egypt，＂ ＂Languages＂ and ＂Tides＂. Was someone who could write authoritatively about so many subjects a polymath， a genius or a dilettante？ In an ambitious new biography， Andrew Robinson argues that Young is a good contender for the epitaph ＂the last man who knew everything.＂ Young has competition， however： The phrase， which Robinson takes for his title， also serves as the subtitle of two other recent biographies： Leonard Warren＇s 1998 life of paleontologist Joseph Leidy （1823-1891） and Paula Findlen＇s 2023 book on Athanasius Kircher （1602-1680）， another polymath. B Young， of course， did more than write encyclopedia entries. He presented his first paper to the Royal Society of London at the age of 20 and was elected a Fellow a week after his 21st birthday. In the paper， Young explained the process of accommodation in the human eye on how the eye focuses properly on objects at varying distances. Young hypothesized that this was achieved by changes in the shape of the lens. Young also theorized that light traveled in waves and he believed that， to account for the ability to see in color， there must be three receptors in the eye corresponding to the three ＂principal colors＂ to which the retina could respond： red， green， violet. All these hypothesis were subsequently proved to be correct. C Later in his life， when he was in his forties， Young was instrumental in cracking the code that unlocked the unknown script on the Rosetta Stone， a tablet that was ＂found＂ in Egypt by the Napoleonic army in 1799. The stone contains text in three alphabets： Greek， something unrecognizable and Egyptian hieroglyphs. The unrecognizable script is now known as demotic and， as Young deduced， is related directly to hieroglyphic. His initial work on this appeared in his Britannica entry on Egypt. In another entry， he coined the term Indo-European to describe the family of languages spoken throughout most of Europe and northern India. These are the landmark achievements of a man who was a child prodigy and who， unlike many remarkable children， did not disappear into oblivion as an *. D Born in 1773 in Somerset in England， Young lived from an early age with his maternal grandfather， eventually leaving to attend boarding school. He haddevoured books from the age of two， and through his own initiative he excelled at Latin， Greek， mathematics and natural philosophy. After leaving school， he was greatly encouraged by his mother＇s uncle， Richard Brocklesby， a physician and Fellow of the Royal Society. Following Brocklesby＇s lead， Young decided to pursue a career in medicine. He studied in London， following the medical circuit， and then moved on to more formal education in Edinburgh， Gottingen and Cambridge. After completing his medical training at the University of Cambridge in 1808， Young set up practice as a physician in London. He soon became a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and a few years later was appointed physician at St. George＇s Hospital. E Young＇s skill as a physician， however， did not equal his skill as a scholar of natural philosophy or linguistics. Earlier， in 1801， he had been appointed to a professorship of natural philosophy at the Royal Institution， where he delivered as many as 60 lectures in a year. These were published in two volumes in 1807. In 1804 Young had become secretary to the Royal Society， a post he would hold until his death. His opinions were sought on civic and national matters， such as the introduction of gas lighting to London and methods of ship construction. From 1819 he was superintendent of the Nautical Almanac and secretary to the Board of Longitude. From 1824 to 1829 he was physician to and inspector of calculations for the Palladian Insurance Company. Between 1816 and 1825 he contributed his many and various entries to the Encyclopedia Britannica， and throughout his career he authored numerous books， essays and papers. F Young is a perfect subject for a biography - perfect， but daunting. Few men contributed so much to so many technical fields. Robinson＇s aim is to introduce non-scientists to Young＇s work and life. He succeeds， providing clear expositions of the technical material （especially that on optics and Egyptian hieroglyphs）. Some readers of this book will， like Robinson， find Young＇s accomplishments impressive； others will see him as some historians have - as a dilettante. Yet despite the rich material presented in this book， readers will not end up knowing Young personally. We catch glimpses of a playful Young， doodling Greek and Latin phrases in his notes on medical lectures and translating the verses that a young lady had written on the walls of a summerhouse into Greek elegiacs. Young was introduced into elite society， attended the theatre and learned to dance and play the flute. In addition， he was an accomplished horseman. However， his personal life looks pale next to his vibrant career and studies. G Young married Eliza Maxwell in 1804， and according to Robinson， ＂their marriage was a happy one and she appreciated his work.＂ Almost all we know about her is that she sustained her husband through some rancorous disputes about optics and that she worried about money when his medical career was slow to take off. Very little evidence survives about the complexities of Young＇s relationships with his mother and father. Robinson does not credit them， or anyone else， with shaping Young＇s extraordinary mind. Despite the lack of details concerning Young＇s relationships， however， anyone interested in what it means to be a genius should read this book. Questions 1-7 Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1？ In boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet， write TRUE if the statement is true FALSE if the statement is false NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage 1 “The last man who knew everything” has also been claimed to other people. 2 All Young’s articles were published in Encyclopedia Britannica. 3 Like others， Young wasn＇t so brilliant when grew up. 4 Young＇s talents as a doctor are surpassing his other skills. 5 Young＇s advice was sought by people responsible for local and national issues. 6 Young was interested in various social pastimes. 7 Young suffered from a disease in his later years. Questions 8-13 Answer the questions below. Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer. 8 How many life stories did Young write for Encyclopedia Britannica？ 9 What aspect of scientific research did Young do in his first academic paper？ 10 What name did Young introduce to refer to a group of languages？ 11 Who inspired Young to start the medical studies？ 12 Where did Young get a teaching position？ 13 What contribution did Young make to London？ 文章題目： Thomas Young—The Last True Know-it All 托馬斯·楊——最后一個無所不知的人 篇章結(jié)構(gòu) 體裁人物傳記 題目托馬斯·楊——最后一個無所不知的人 結(jié)構(gòu)A段：托馬斯·楊對百科全書的主要成就 B段：托馬斯年輕時的主要成就 C段：托馬斯晚年的主要成就 D段：托馬斯童年的生活背景及成長經(jīng)歷 E段：托馬斯作為自然哲學學者取得的成就 F段： 托馬斯在其他領域的成就 G段：托馬斯的感情生活 試題分析 Question 1-7 題目類型：True / false /not given 題號定位詞文中對應點題目解析 1Other peopleA段第四句“Young has competition， however： The phrase， which Robinson takes for his title， also serves as the subtitle of two other recent biographies： Leonard Warren＇s 1998 life of paleontologist Joseph Leidy （1823-1891） and Paula Findlen＇s 2023 book on Athanasius Kircher （1602-1680）， another polymath.”該句中明確給出了Young還有其他的競爭者，他們的傳記中也同樣擁有這樣的小標題，分別是Leonard Warren寫的關于Joseph Leidy的傳記，以及 Paula Findlen＇s寫的關于Athanasius Kircher的傳記。 因此，本題答案為True 2all， articlesB段第一、二句B段第一句 “Young， of course， did more than write encyclopedia entries.”明確表示Young所做的遠不僅僅是編輯大英百科全書的詞條，因此并不是所有的都在百科全書。而在本段第二句中，作者指出，Young在20歲的時候?qū)⒆约旱牡谝黄撐淖运]給倫敦皇家學會，并在一年后成為該學會的會員： He presented his first paper to the Royal Society of London at the age of 20 and was elected a Fellow a week after his 21st birthday。Paper與article為近意思。顯然，題干與原文含義相反。 因此，本題答案為False 3likeC段最后一句C段整體是在介紹Young晚年的主要成就，即Young長大后的成就。此外，在C段最后一句中，作者明確指出Young和其他的孩子不同的一點在于，Young并沒有像其他那些年少成名而后來江郎才盡的孩子一樣，他后來同樣取得了非凡的成就： These are the landmark achievements of a man who was a child prodigy and who， unlike many remarkable children， did not disappear into oblivion as an *.句中的unlike為like的反義詞，顯然題干與原文含義相反。 因此，本題答案為False 4surpassingD段第四、七句D段介紹了Young的成長背景和經(jīng)歷，同時體現(xiàn)出其涉獵范圍較為廣泛。其中第四句中提到Y(jié)oung決定學醫(yī)，并且在后面的介紹中指出Young還參加戲劇演出，學習跳舞和吹笛子： He then broke with his Quaker upbringing by attending the theater and learning to dance and play the flute. In addition， he was an accomplished horseman.而在第七句中作者指出Young還是一名杰出的馬術(shù)師。但是并未指出Young在哪個方面的造詣更高，更有天賦。Surpassing這個概念并沒有在文中體現(xiàn)。 因此，本題答案為Not Given 5soughtE段第四句“ His opinions were sought on civic and national matters”，文中表明Young的很多觀點關注人民和國家事務。題干與原文含義相同。 因此，本題答案為True 6Interested in， social pastimeF段第七句“We catch glimpses of a playful Young， doodling Greek and Latin phrases in his notes on medical lectures and translating the verses that a young lady had written on the walls of a summerhouse into Greek elegiacs.”文中指出，通過Young的醫(yī)學演講中亂寫的希臘字母和拉丁短語以及將一位年輕女性寫在涼亭上的詩歌翻譯成希臘挽歌便能看出他的幽默。顯然，Young對于這樣的社交娛樂是感興趣的。題干和原文相符合。 因此，本題答案為True 7disease， later yearsC段第一句，G段第一句C段第一句給出了“l(fā)ater in his life，”但是本段近講述了Young晚年在學術(shù)方面的成就；G段給出了Young的婚后生活，以及Robinson在書中并未提及Young與父母間的關系。但無論哪一個點都沒有提及其晚年飽受某種疾病之苦。 因此，本題答案為Not Given 題目類型：Short-answer question 8life storiesA段第一句“Thomas Young （1773-1829） contributed 63 articles to the Encyclopedia Britannica， including 46 biographical entries （mostly on scientists and classicists）…”該劇中的“biographical entries”指傳記詞條，與題干中的life stories表示相同涵義。 因此，本題答案為46 9first academic paperB段第三句“In the paper， on how the eye focuses properly on objects at varying distances， Young hypothesized that deformation of the crystalline lens accomplished the accommodation.”B段段首表明，Young將自己的第一篇論文自薦給了倫敦皇家學會學會。因此本段討論的是其第一篇論文。而本段第三句指出，在這篇論文中，Young主要討論了人類眼球的調(diào)節(jié)機制 因此，本題答案為humaneye或human eye accommodation 10a group of languagesC段第五句“In another entry， he coined the term Indo-European to describe the family of languages spoken throughout most of Europe and northern India.”該句指出，Young創(chuàng)造了術(shù)語 Indo-European來描述在歐洲大部分地區(qū)以及北印度使用的語言。 因此，本題答案為Indo-European 11inspire， medical studiesD段第四句D段前面介紹了Young童年時期的生活背景。本段第四句中則指出：“Following Brocklesby＇s lead， Young decided to pursue a career in medicine.”。顯然，正是因為 Richard Brocklesby的引導，Young才決定在醫(yī)學方面有所建樹。 因此，本題答案為 Richard Brocklesby 12teaching positionE段第二句“ Earlier， in 1801， he had been appointed to a professorship of natural philosophy at the Royal Institution”，題干中的teaching position與E段第二句中的professorship均表示“教師職位”，該句明確指出，Young作為自然哲學的教授，受聘于英國科學研究所。 因此，本題答案為 Royal Institution 13LondonE段第五句“His opinions were sought on civic and national matters， such as the introduction of gas lighting to London and methods of ship construction.”E段主要介紹了Young作為自然哲學學者取得的成就。而第五句則列舉了Young的兩個成就，其對于倫敦的所做出的成就在于煤氣照明的引入。 因此，本題答案為gas lighting A我們該怎樣理解托馬斯·楊（1773-1829）？他是《大不列顛百科全書》中63篇文章的作者，其中包括46篇傳記（大部分都是關于科學家和古典學者），和大量關于“橋” “色彩論” “埃及” “語吉” “潮汐”等的論文。一個能夠?qū)懗鲞@樣多有權(quán)威性文章的人應該算是一個博學者？ 一個天才？還是一個業(yè)余興趣廣泛的人呢？在一篇關于他的比較激進的傳記中，Andrew Robinson 認為托馬斯楊是-位強有力的競爭者能夠配得這樣的墓志銘“是最后一個知道任何事的人”。但是楊也要面對競爭：因為這樣的傳記標題Robinson不僅給了他，也作為副標題給了有關另兩位學者的傳記：Lenard Warren 1998年著的《古生物學家Joseph Leipy的一生》（1823-1891）以及Paula Findlen 2023年著的關于另一位博學者Athanasius Kircher（1602-1680）的傳記。 B當然楊的貢獻遠不止寫了很多百科全書上的文章，他在20歲的時候?qū)⒆约旱牡谝黄撐淖运]給倫敦皇家學會，并在他的21歲生日后被評為一周科學人物，楊在該篇論文中解釋了人類眼睛的調(diào)節(jié)機制一一關于眼睛如何通過不同的距離聚焦在物體上。在后面的文章中，他更加全面地探討了這個問題，類似牛頓，他在自己身上進行了可怕的實驗用以獲得相關的證據(jù)，他還得出這樣的理論：光是通過“以太”分子的振動，以波的形式進行傳遞的，而“以太”是一種假想物質(zhì)，其存在還存在爭議性。他還認為為了能看見顏色，必須要有3個感應器對“三原色”進行感應，而這三種視網(wǎng)膜對其產(chǎn)生感應的顏色就是紅，黃，藍二種顏色。 C在他人生的晚些時候，也就是40多歲的時候，楊試圖破解鎖在羅塞塔石碑里的未知文字密碼，這個石碑是在1799年在埃及被拿破侖的軍隊發(fā)現(xiàn)的，并且從1802年起就在英國博物館進行展出。該石碑上包含了 3種不同的字母：希臘語，不可辨識的文字以及埃及的象形文字。這種不可辨識的文字現(xiàn)在被認為是正如楊所推斷的是很普通的，是和象形文字直接相關的。他最初有關這方面的工作首次出現(xiàn)在他在《大不列顛百科全書》中編纂的詞條。在另一個條目中，他創(chuàng)造了術(shù)語“Indo-European”來描述在歐洲大部分地區(qū)以及北印度使用的語言。這些都是這是這位從小就展露科學天賦并且不像很多孩子后來江郎才盡的科學家獲得的里程碑式的成就。 D托馬斯·楊出生在英國薩默塞特郡一個虔誠的教友會教徒家庭，從小和他的外公一起長大，最后去了寄宿學校。他兩歲的時候就博覽群書，并且自學熟練掌握了拉丁語，希臘語，數(shù)學以及哲學，在很大程度上他受到了舅舅Richard Brocklesby的鼓勵，他的舅舅也是英國皇家學會的一位內(nèi)科醫(yī)生。在Brocklesby的引導下，楊決定要在醫(yī)學方而有所建樹，他曾先后在倫敦大學、愛丁堡大學和格丁根大學學習醫(yī)學，多虧了Brocklesby的引薦，楊進入了英國皇家學會，他最后也打破了從小在教友會的教育，他參加戲劇演出，學習跳舞和吹笛子，此外，他還是一位杰出的馬術(shù)師。在1808年結(jié)束在劍橋大學的醫(yī)學學習后，楊在倫敦開了一家診所，很快他就成為皇家內(nèi)科醫(yī)生學會的一員，并且?guī)啄旰蟪蔀槭讨吾t(yī)院的一名內(nèi)科醫(yī)生。 E楊作為內(nèi)科醫(yī)生的醫(yī)術(shù)卻趕不上他作為自然哲學學者或是語言學家取得的成就，早在1801年，他已經(jīng)被任命為英國皇家學會的教授，他每年要在那里舉辦60場的講座。這些講座在1807年以兩本書的形式進行出版。1804年楊就已經(jīng)成為英國朵家學會的秘書，而他獲此殊榮直至去世。他的很多觀點關注人民和國家事務，比如說在倫敦引進煤氣照明和造船方法。從1819年起，他就是航海天文年歷的主要負責人，也是Board of Longitude的秘書。從1824年到1829年，他擔任Palladian 保險公司的精算師和內(nèi)科醫(yī)生。在1816年和1825年間，他為《大不列顛百科全書》編纂了許多詞條，而且窮其一生著作，論文無數(shù)。 F我們通過楊在醫(yī)學課上胡亂寫的希臘字母和拉丁文短語以及他將一位年輕的女士寫在避暑山莊墻上的詩句翻譯成挽歌可以看出他的幽默，但是他的個人生活也因為自己對工作和研究的全情投入而略顯蒼白。 G他在1804年和Eliza Maxwell結(jié)婚，據(jù)Robinson所述“他們的婚姻是幸福的，因為他的夫人欣賞他的工作”。我們對于他夫人的了解僅限于她在她丈夫備受一些關于眼睛的理論方面爭議的時候總是堅定地支持他，并且當他的醫(yī)學生涯開始慢慢起飛的時候，她開始有些擔心錢的問題。值得一提的是，楊沒有被保護的人，他都是和自己的導師進行互動一一先是他的外公，后是Brocklesby一一還有先于他過失的一些偉人（其中很多是很著名的如牛頓，楊最早在17歲讀了他寫的書）。但是關于楊和他母親以及父親的關系的記述卻鮮力人知，Robinson在說到楊的非凡的頭腦時也并沒有將其歸功于他的父母，或許很難有這樣的巧合：過去的天才都是由于卓越的父母教育造就的。 希望以上的答復能對您的留學申請有所幫助。如果您有任何更詳細的問題或需要進一步的協(xié)助，我強烈推薦您訪問我們的留學官方網(wǎng)站 ，在那里您可以找到更多專業(yè)的留學考試規(guī)劃和留學資料以及*的咨詢服務。祝您留學申請順利！

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