【雅思閱讀翻譯】C4T1P3——視覺符號與盲人 2023年4月雅思考試（4月10日）閱讀真題答案很多朋友對這方面很關(guān)心，好教育整理了相關(guān)文章，供大家參考，一起來看一下吧！

本文目錄一覽：

• 1、2023年劍橋雅思閱讀真題解析：Thomas Young
• 2、【雅思閱讀翻譯】C4T1P3——視覺符號與盲人
• 3、2023年4月雅思考試（4月10日）閱讀真題答案

2023年劍橋雅思閱讀真題解析：Thomas Young

您好，我是專注留學(xué)考試規(guī)劃和留學(xué)咨詢的小鐘老師。在追尋留學(xué)夢想的路上，選擇合適的學(xué)校和專業(yè)，準(zhǔn)備相關(guān)考試，都可能讓人感到迷茫和困擾。作為一名有經(jīng)驗的留學(xué)顧問，我在此為您提供全方位的專業(yè)咨詢和指導(dǎo)。歡迎隨時提問！ 對于雅思考生來說，劍橋雅思閱讀題難不難？下面就和小鐘老師一起來看看2023年劍橋雅思閱讀真題解析：Thomas Young。 Thomas Young The Last True Know-It-All A Thomas Young （1773-1829） contributed 63 articles to the Encyclopedia Britannica， including 46 biographical entries （mostly on scientists and classicists） and substantial essays on ＂Bridge，” ＂Chromatics，＂ ＂Egypt，＂ ＂Languages＂ and ＂Tides＂. Was someone who could write authoritatively about so many subjects a polymath， a genius or a dilettante？ In an ambitious new biography， Andrew Robinson argues that Young is a good contender for the epitaph ＂the last man who knew everything.＂ Young has competition， however： The phrase， which Robinson takes for his title， also serves as the subtitle of two other recent biographies： Leonard Warren＇s 1998 life of paleontologist Joseph Leidy （1823-1891） and Paula Findlen＇s 2023 book on Athanasius Kircher （1602-1680）， another polymath. B Young， of course， did more than write encyclopedia entries. He presented his first paper to the Royal Society of London at the age of 20 and was elected a Fellow a week after his 21st birthday. In the paper， Young explained the process of accommodation in the human eye on how the eye focuses properly on objects at varying distances. Young hypothesized that this was achieved by changes in the shape of the lens. Young also theorized that light traveled in waves and he believed that， to account for the ability to see in color， there must be three receptors in the eye corresponding to the three ＂principal colors＂ to which the retina could respond： red， green， violet. All these hypothesis were subsequently proved to be correct. C Later in his life， when he was in his forties， Young was instrumental in cracking the code that unlocked the unknown script on the Rosetta Stone， a tablet that was ＂found＂ in Egypt by the Napoleonic army in 1799. The stone contains text in three alphabets： Greek， something unrecognizable and Egyptian hieroglyphs. The unrecognizable script is now known as demotic and， as Young deduced， is related directly to hieroglyphic. His initial work on this appeared in his Britannica entry on Egypt. In another entry， he coined the term Indo-European to describe the family of languages spoken throughout most of Europe and northern India. These are the landmark achievements of a man who was a child prodigy and who， unlike many remarkable children， did not disappear into oblivion as an *. D Born in 1773 in Somerset in England， Young lived from an early age with his maternal grandfather， eventually leaving to attend boarding school. He haddevoured books from the age of two， and through his own initiative he excelled at Latin， Greek， mathematics and natural philosophy. After leaving school， he was greatly encouraged by his mother＇s uncle， Richard Brocklesby， a physician and Fellow of the Royal Society. Following Brocklesby＇s lead， Young decided to pursue a career in medicine. He studied in London， following the medical circuit， and then moved on to more formal education in Edinburgh， Gottingen and Cambridge. After completing his medical training at the University of Cambridge in 1808， Young set up practice as a physician in London. He soon became a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and a few years later was appointed physician at St. George＇s Hospital. E Young＇s skill as a physician， however， did not equal his skill as a scholar of natural philosophy or linguistics. Earlier， in 1801， he had been appointed to a professorship of natural philosophy at the Royal Institution， where he delivered as many as 60 lectures in a year. These were published in two volumes in 1807. In 1804 Young had become secretary to the Royal Society， a post he would hold until his death. His opinions were sought on civic and national matters， such as the introduction of gas lighting to London and methods of ship construction. From 1819 he was superintendent of the Nautical Almanac and secretary to the Board of Longitude. From 1824 to 1829 he was physician to and inspector of calculations for the Palladian Insurance Company. Between 1816 and 1825 he contributed his many and various entries to the Encyclopedia Britannica， and throughout his career he authored numerous books， essays and papers. F Young is a perfect subject for a biography - perfect， but daunting. Few men contributed so much to so many technical fields. Robinson＇s aim is to introduce non-scientists to Young＇s work and life. He succeeds， providing clear expositions of the technical material （especially that on optics and Egyptian hieroglyphs）. Some readers of this book will， like Robinson， find Young＇s accomplishments impressive； others will see him as some historians have - as a dilettante. Yet despite the rich material presented in this book， readers will not end up knowing Young personally. We catch glimpses of a playful Young， doodling Greek and Latin phrases in his notes on medical lectures and translating the verses that a young lady had written on the walls of a summerhouse into Greek elegiacs. Young was introduced into elite society， attended the theatre and learned to dance and play the flute. In addition， he was an accomplished horseman. However， his personal life looks pale next to his vibrant career and studies. G Young married Eliza Maxwell in 1804， and according to Robinson， ＂their marriage was a happy one and she appreciated his work.＂ Almost all we know about her is that she sustained her husband through some rancorous disputes about optics and that she worried about money when his medical career was slow to take off. Very little evidence survives about the complexities of Young＇s relationships with his mother and father. Robinson does not credit them， or anyone else， with shaping Young＇s extraordinary mind. Despite the lack of details concerning Young＇s relationships， however， anyone interested in what it means to be a genius should read this book. Questions 1-7 Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1？ In boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet， write TRUE if the statement is true FALSE if the statement is false NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage 1 “The last man who knew everything” has also been claimed to other people. 2 All Young’s articles were published in Encyclopedia Britannica. 3 Like others， Young wasn＇t so brilliant when grew up. 4 Young＇s talents as a doctor are surpassing his other skills. 5 Young＇s advice was sought by people responsible for local and national issues. 6 Young was interested in various social pastimes. 7 Young suffered from a disease in his later years. Questions 8-13 Answer the questions below. Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer. 8 How many life stories did Young write for Encyclopedia Britannica？ 9 What aspect of scientific research did Young do in his first academic paper？ 10 What name did Young introduce to refer to a group of languages？ 11 Who inspired Young to start the medical studies？ 12 Where did Young get a teaching position？ 13 What contribution did Young make to London？ 文章題目： Thomas Young—The Last True Know-it All 托馬斯·楊——最后一個無所不知的人 篇章結(jié)構(gòu) 體裁人物傳記 題目托馬斯·楊——最后一個無所不知的人 結(jié)構(gòu)A段：托馬斯·楊對百科全書的主要成就 B段：托馬斯年輕時的主要成就 C段：托馬斯晚年的主要成就 D段：托馬斯童年的生活背景及成長經(jīng)歷 E段：托馬斯作為自然哲學(xué)學(xué)者取得的成就 F段： 托馬斯在其他領(lǐng)域的成就 G段：托馬斯的感情生活 試題分析 Question 1-7 題目類型：True / false /not given 題號定位詞文中對應(yīng)點題目解析 1Other peopleA段第四句“Young has competition， however： The phrase， which Robinson takes for his title， also serves as the subtitle of two other recent biographies： Leonard Warren＇s 1998 life of paleontologist Joseph Leidy （1823-1891） and Paula Findlen＇s 2023 book on Athanasius Kircher （1602-1680）， another polymath.”該句中明確給出了Young還有其他的競爭者，他們的傳記中也同樣擁有這樣的小標(biāo)題，分別是Leonard Warren寫的關(guān)于Joseph Leidy的傳記，以及 Paula Findlen＇s寫的關(guān)于Athanasius Kircher的傳記。 因此，本題答案為True 2all， articlesB段第一、二句B段第一句 “Young， of course， did more than write encyclopedia entries.”明確表示Young所做的遠不僅僅是編輯大英百科全書的詞條，因此并不是所有的都在百科全書。而在本段第二句中，作者指出，Young在20歲的時候?qū)⒆约旱牡谝黄撐淖运]給倫敦皇家學(xué)會，并在一年后成為該學(xué)會的會員： He presented his first paper to the Royal Society of London at the age of 20 and was elected a Fellow a week after his 21st birthday。Paper與article為近意思。顯然，題干與原文含義相反。 因此，本題答案為False 3likeC段最后一句C段整體是在介紹Young晚年的主要成就，即Young長大后的成就。此外，在C段最后一句中，作者明確指出Young和其他的孩子不同的一點在于，Young并沒有像其他那些年少成名而后來江郎才盡的孩子一樣，他后來同樣取得了非凡的成就： These are the landmark achievements of a man who was a child prodigy and who， unlike many remarkable children， did not disappear into oblivion as an *.句中的unlike為like的反義詞，顯然題干與原文含義相反。 因此，本題答案為False 4surpassingD段第四、七句D段介紹了Young的成長背景和經(jīng)歷，同時體現(xiàn)出其涉獵范圍較為廣泛。其中第四句中提到Y(jié)oung決定學(xué)醫(yī)，并且在后面的介紹中指出Young還參加戲劇演出，學(xué)習(xí)跳舞和吹笛子： He then broke with his Quaker upbringing by attending the theater and learning to dance and play the flute. In addition， he was an accomplished horseman.而在第七句中作者指出Young還是一名杰出的馬術(shù)師。但是并未指出Young在哪個方面的造詣更高，更有天賦。Surpassing這個概念并沒有在文中體現(xiàn)。 因此，本題答案為Not Given 5soughtE段第四句“ His opinions were sought on civic and national matters”，文中表明Young的很多觀點關(guān)注人民和國家事務(wù)。題干與原文含義相同。 因此，本題答案為True 6Interested in， social pastimeF段第七句“We catch glimpses of a playful Young， doodling Greek and Latin phrases in his notes on medical lectures and translating the verses that a young lady had written on the walls of a summerhouse into Greek elegiacs.”文中指出，通過Young的醫(yī)學(xué)演講中亂寫的希臘字母和拉丁短語以及將一位年輕女性寫在涼亭上的詩歌翻譯成希臘挽歌便能看出他的幽默。顯然，Young對于這樣的社交娛樂是感興趣的。題干和原文相符合。 因此，本題答案為True 7disease， later yearsC段第一句，G段第一句C段第一句給出了“l(fā)ater in his life，”但是本段近講述了Young晚年在學(xué)術(shù)方面的成就；G段給出了Young的婚后生活，以及Robinson在書中并未提及Young與父母間的關(guān)系。但無論哪一個點都沒有提及其晚年飽受某種疾病之苦。 因此，本題答案為Not Given 題目類型：Short-answer question 8life storiesA段第一句“Thomas Young （1773-1829） contributed 63 articles to the Encyclopedia Britannica， including 46 biographical entries （mostly on scientists and classicists）…”該劇中的“biographical entries”指傳記詞條，與題干中的life stories表示相同涵義。 因此，本題答案為46 9first academic paperB段第三句“In the paper， on how the eye focuses properly on objects at varying distances， Young hypothesized that deformation of the crystalline lens accomplished the accommodation.”B段段首表明，Young將自己的第一篇論文自薦給了倫敦皇家學(xué)會學(xué)會。因此本段討論的是其第一篇論文。而本段第三句指出，在這篇論文中，Young主要討論了人類眼球的調(diào)節(jié)機制 因此，本題答案為humaneye或human eye accommodation 10a group of languagesC段第五句“In another entry， he coined the term Indo-European to describe the family of languages spoken throughout most of Europe and northern India.”該句指出，Young創(chuàng)造了術(shù)語 Indo-European來描述在歐洲大部分地區(qū)以及北印度使用的語言。 因此，本題答案為Indo-European 11inspire， medical studiesD段第四句D段前面介紹了Young童年時期的生活背景。本段第四句中則指出：“Following Brocklesby＇s lead， Young decided to pursue a career in medicine.”。顯然，正是因為 Richard Brocklesby的引導(dǎo)，Young才決定在醫(yī)學(xué)方面有所建樹。 因此，本題答案為 Richard Brocklesby 12teaching positionE段第二句“ Earlier， in 1801， he had been appointed to a professorship of natural philosophy at the Royal Institution”，題干中的teaching position與E段第二句中的professorship均表示“教師職位”，該句明確指出，Young作為自然哲學(xué)的教授，受聘于英國科學(xué)研究所。 因此，本題答案為 Royal Institution 13LondonE段第五句“His opinions were sought on civic and national matters， such as the introduction of gas lighting to London and methods of ship construction.”E段主要介紹了Young作為自然哲學(xué)學(xué)者取得的成就。而第五句則列舉了Young的兩個成就，其對于倫敦的所做出的成就在于煤氣照明的引入。 因此，本題答案為gas lighting A我們該怎樣理解托馬斯·楊（1773-1829）？他是《大不列顛百科全書》中63篇文章的作者，其中包括46篇傳記（大部分都是關(guān)于科學(xué)家和古典學(xué)者），和大量關(guān)于“橋” “色彩論” “埃及” “語吉” “潮汐”等的論文。一個能夠?qū)懗鲞@樣多有權(quán)威性文章的人應(yīng)該算是一個博學(xué)者？ 一個天才？還是一個業(yè)余興趣廣泛的人呢？在一篇關(guān)于他的比較激進的傳記中，Andrew Robinson 認(rèn)為托馬斯楊是-位強有力的競爭者能夠配得這樣的墓志銘“是最后一個知道任何事的人”。但是楊也要面對競爭：因為這樣的傳記標(biāo)題Robinson不僅給了他，也作為副標(biāo)題給了有關(guān)另兩位學(xué)者的傳記：Lenard Warren 1998年著的《古生物學(xué)家Joseph Leipy的一生》（1823-1891）以及Paula Findlen 2023年著的關(guān)于另一位博學(xué)者Athanasius Kircher（1602-1680）的傳記。 B當(dāng)然楊的貢獻遠不止寫了很多百科全書上的文章，他在20歲的時候?qū)⒆约旱牡谝黄撐淖运]給倫敦皇家學(xué)會，并在他的21歲生日后被評為一周科學(xué)人物，楊在該篇論文中解釋了人類眼睛的調(diào)節(jié)機制一一關(guān)于眼睛如何通過不同的距離聚焦在物體上。在后面的文章中，他更加全面地探討了這個問題，類似牛頓，他在自己身上進行了可怕的實驗用以獲得相關(guān)的證據(jù)，他還得出這樣的理論：光是通過“以太”分子的振動，以波的形式進行傳遞的，而“以太”是一種假想物質(zhì)，其存在還存在爭議性。他還認(rèn)為為了能看見顏色，必須要有3個感應(yīng)器對“三原色”進行感應(yīng)，而這三種視網(wǎng)膜對其產(chǎn)生感應(yīng)的顏色就是紅，黃，藍二種顏色。 C在他人生的晚些時候，也就是40多歲的時候，楊試圖破解鎖在羅塞塔石碑里的未知文字密碼，這個石碑是在1799年在埃及被拿破侖的軍隊發(fā)現(xiàn)的，并且從1802年起就在英國博物館進行展出。該石碑上包含了 3種不同的字母：希臘語，不可辨識的文字以及埃及的象形文字。這種不可辨識的文字現(xiàn)在被認(rèn)為是正如楊所推斷的是很普通的，是和象形文字直接相關(guān)的。他最初有關(guān)這方面的工作首次出現(xiàn)在他在《大不列顛百科全書》中編纂的詞條。在另一個條目中，他創(chuàng)造了術(shù)語“Indo-European”來描述在歐洲大部分地區(qū)以及北印度使用的語言。這些都是這是這位從小就展露科學(xué)天賦并且不像很多孩子后來江郎才盡的科學(xué)家獲得的里程碑式的成就。 D托馬斯·楊出生在英國薩默塞特郡一個虔誠的教友會教徒家庭，從小和他的外公一起長大，最后去了寄宿學(xué)校。他兩歲的時候就博覽群書，并且自學(xué)熟練掌握了拉丁語，希臘語，數(shù)學(xué)以及哲學(xué)，在很大程度上他受到了舅舅Richard Brocklesby的鼓勵，他的舅舅也是英國皇家學(xué)會的一位內(nèi)科醫(yī)生。在Brocklesby的引導(dǎo)下，楊決定要在醫(yī)學(xué)方而有所建樹，他曾先后在倫敦大學(xué)、愛丁堡大學(xué)和格丁根大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)醫(yī)學(xué)，多虧了Brocklesby的引薦，楊進入了英國皇家學(xué)會，他最后也打破了從小在教友會的教育，他參加戲劇演出，學(xué)習(xí)跳舞和吹笛子，此外，他還是一位杰出的馬術(shù)師。在1808年結(jié)束在劍橋大學(xué)的醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)后，楊在倫敦開了一家診所，很快他就成為皇家內(nèi)科醫(yī)生學(xué)會的一員，并且?guī)啄旰蟪蔀槭讨吾t(yī)院的一名內(nèi)科醫(yī)生。 E楊作為內(nèi)科醫(yī)生的醫(yī)術(shù)卻趕不上他作為自然哲學(xué)學(xué)者或是語言學(xué)家取得的成就，早在1801年，他已經(jīng)被任命為英國皇家學(xué)會的教授，他每年要在那里舉辦60場的講座。這些講座在1807年以兩本書的形式進行出版。1804年楊就已經(jīng)成為英國朵家學(xué)會的秘書，而他獲此殊榮直至去世。他的很多觀點關(guān)注人民和國家事務(wù)，比如說在倫敦引進煤氣照明和造船方法。從1819年起，他就是航海天文年歷的主要負責(zé)人，也是Board of Longitude的秘書。從1824年到1829年，他擔(dān)任Palladian 保險公司的精算師和內(nèi)科醫(yī)生。在1816年和1825年間，他為《大不列顛百科全書》編纂了許多詞條，而且窮其一生著作，論文無數(shù)。 F我們通過楊在醫(yī)學(xué)課上胡亂寫的希臘字母和拉丁文短語以及他將一位年輕的女士寫在避暑山莊墻上的詩句翻譯成挽歌可以看出他的幽默，但是他的個人生活也因為自己對工作和研究的全情投入而略顯蒼白。 G他在1804年和Eliza Maxwell結(jié)婚，據(jù)Robinson所述“他們的婚姻是幸福的，因為他的夫人欣賞他的工作”。我們對于他夫人的了解僅限于她在她丈夫備受一些關(guān)于眼睛的理論方面爭議的時候總是堅定地支持他，并且當(dāng)他的醫(yī)學(xué)生涯開始慢慢起飛的時候，她開始有些擔(dān)心錢的問題。值得一提的是，楊沒有被保護的人，他都是和自己的導(dǎo)師進行互動一一先是他的外公，后是Brocklesby一一還有先于他過失的一些偉人（其中很多是很著名的如牛頓，楊最早在17歲讀了他寫的書）。但是關(guān)于楊和他母親以及父親的關(guān)系的記述卻鮮力人知，Robinson在說到楊的非凡的頭腦時也并沒有將其歸功于他的父母，或許很難有這樣的巧合：過去的天才都是由于卓越的父母教育造就的。 希望以上的答復(fù)能對您的留學(xué)申請有所幫助。如果您有任何更詳細的問題或需要進一步的協(xié)助，我強烈推薦您訪問我們的留學(xué)官方網(wǎng)站 ，在那里您可以找到更多專業(yè)的留學(xué)考試規(guī)劃和留學(xué)資料以及*的咨詢服務(wù)。祝您留學(xué)申請順利！

【雅思閱讀翻譯】C4T1P3——視覺符號與盲人

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27–40 which are based on Reading Passage 3 below. From a number of recent studies, it has become clear that blind people can appreciate the use of outlines and perspectives to describe the arrangement of objects and other surfaces in space. But pictures are more than literal representations. This fact was drawn to my attention dramatically when a blind woman in one of my investigations decided on her own initiative to draw a wheel as it was spinning. To show this motion, she traced a curve inside the circle (Fig. 1). I was taken aback. Lines of motion, such as the one she used, are a very recent invention in the history of illustration. Indeed, as art scholar David Kunzle notes, Wilhelm Busch, a trend-setting nineteenth-century cartoonist, used virtually no motion lines in his popular figures until about 1877. 最近的一系列研究表明，盲人可以理解用輪廓線和透視圖表示的物體排列及空中的其他表面。但是圖片表達的意思更勝于文字表述。當(dāng)我研究的一位盲人女性自發(fā)地劃出一個正在滾動的車輪時，這個現(xiàn)象極大地吸引了我的注意。為了展示車輪的運動，她在圓的中心畫了一條曲線。我被嚇了一跳。表示運動的線，例如她剛畫的這條，是插圖史上最近才有的發(fā)明。事實上，正如藝術(shù)學(xué)者David Kunzle所說，引領(lǐng)了19世紀(jì)潮流的卡通畫家Wilhelm Busch直到1877年之前都沒有在他最流行的人物形象中使用動態(tài)線條。 When I asked several other blind study subjects to draw a spinning wheel, one particularly clever rendition appeared repeatedly: several subjects showed the wheel’s?spokes as curved lines. When asked about these curves, they all described them as metaphorical ways of suggesting motion. Majority rule would argue that this device somehow indicated motion very well. But was it a better indicator than, say, broken or wavy lines – or any other kind of line, for that matter? The answer was not clear. So I decided to test whether various lines of motion were apt ways of showing movement or if they were merely idiosyncratic marks. Moreover, I wanted to discover whether there were differences in how the blind and the sighted interpreted lines of motion. 當(dāng)我要求其他接受研究的盲人畫一個滾動的輪子時，一種很聰明的畫法反復(fù)出現(xiàn)了：一些盲人把車輪的輻條畫成了曲線。當(dāng)被問到這些曲線時，他們都說這是一種表示運動的比喻手法。多數(shù)人規(guī)則，會認(rèn)為，這種方式可以很好地表示運動。但是對于這種現(xiàn)象。會不會有種更好的表示方法，例如虛線和波浪線，或其他形式的線呢？答案還不明確。所以我決定測試各種表示運動的線條分別適合表示哪種運動，或者也許它們只是一些特殊符號。而且，我想要發(fā)現(xiàn)盲人和普通人眼中表示運動的線條有沒有什么區(qū)別。 To search out these answers, I created raised-line drawings of five different wheels, depicting spokes with lines that curved, bent, waved, dashed and extended beyond the perimeter of the wheel. I then asked eighteen blind volunteers to feel the wheels and assign one of the following motions to each wheel: wobbling, spinning fast, spinning steadily, jerking or braking. My control group consisted of eighteen sighted undergraduates from the University of Toronto. 為了找出答案，我用凸起的線條畫出了五個輪子，分別把輻條畫成了曲線、折線、波浪線、虛線和伸出車輪的線。接著，我請18位盲人志愿者觸摸輪子，并請他們把每個輪子對應(yīng)在以下運動中：搖晃、迅速轉(zhuǎn)動、穩(wěn)定轉(zhuǎn)動、顛簸或剎車。我的對照組由18多倫多大學(xué)的普通大學(xué)生組成。 All but one of the blind subjects assigned distinctive motions to each wheel. Most guessed that the curved spokes indicated that the wheel was spinning steadily; the wavy spokes, they thought, suggested that the wheel was wobbling; and the bent spokes were taken as a sign that the wheel was jerking. Subjects assumed that spokes extending beyond the wheel’s perimeter signified that the wheel had its brakes on and that dashed spokes indicated the wheel was spinning quickly. 除了其中一人，所有的盲人都把不同的運動與輪子相對應(yīng)了。大部分人猜測曲線輻條表示輪子在平穩(wěn)轉(zhuǎn)動，波浪輻條表示車輪在搖晃，折線車輪表示車子受到顛簸。受試者猜測，輻條伸出車輪邊緣表示輪子處于剎車狀態(tài)，而虛線表示輪子在快速轉(zhuǎn)動。 In addition, the favored description for the sighted was the favored description for the blind in every instance. What is more, the consensus among the sighted was barely higher than that among the blind. Because motion devices are unfamiliar to the blind, the task I gave them involved some problem solving. Evidently, however, the blind not only figured out meanings for each line of motion, but as a group they generally came up with the same meaning at least as frequently as did sighted subjects. 另外，普通人喜愛的表達與盲人喜愛的表達基本一致。而且普通人之間的共識度并不比盲人高。因為盲人對運動裝置并不熟悉，所以我給他們的任務(wù)中也包括解決一些問題。但是，很明顯，盲人不僅搞明白了線條運動的意義，而且作為一個團隊，他們達成共識的普遍頻率也不比普通人低。 We have found that the blind understand other kinds of visual metaphors as well. One blind woman drew a picture of a child inside a heart – choosing that symbol, she said, to show that love surrounded the child. With Chang Hong Liu, a doctoral student from China, I have begun exploring how well blind people understand the symboli* behind shapes such as hearts that do not directly represent their meaning. We gave a list of twenty pairs of words to sighted subjects and asked them to pick from each pair the term that best related to a circle and the term that best related to a square. For example, we asked: What goes with soft? A circle or a square? Which shape goes with hard? 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，盲人也能理解其他種類的視覺符號。一個盲人女性在一個心形中間畫了一個小孩——她說，選擇這個符號，是為了表示孩子被愛包圍。于是我和一個中國博士生劉長虹開始研究：盲人對于心形這樣不直接表達含義的符號背后的意義，到底理解到了什么樣的程度。我們給了普通人20對單詞，并要求他們在每一對單詞中選擇一個代表圓圈的和一個代表方框的。比方說，我們問：哪個表示柔軟呢？圓圈還是方框？哪個又表示堅硬？ All our subjects deemed the circle soft and the square hard. A full 94% ascribed happy to the circle, instead of sad. But other pairs revealed less agreement: 79% matched fast to slow and weak to strong, respectively. And only 51% linked deep to circle and shallow to square. (See Fig. 2) When we tested four totally blind volunteers using the same list, we found that their choices closely resembled those made by the sighted subjects. One man, who had been blind since birth, scored extremely well. He made only one match differing from the consensus, assigning ‘far’ to square and?‘near’ to circle. In fact, only a *all majority of sighted subjects – 53% – had paired far and near to the opposite partners. Thus, we concluded that the blind interpret abstract shapes as sighted people do. 所有的受試者都認(rèn)為圓形表示柔軟而方塊表示堅硬。94%的人認(rèn)為開心與圓形對應(yīng)，而不是悲傷。也有一些詞組出現(xiàn)了不同的意見：79%的人在快-慢和強-弱對比上意見分別一致。而只有51%的人認(rèn)為圓形表示深，方形表示淺。當(dāng)我們用完全一樣的列表測試四個完全看不到的盲人時，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的選擇與普通人的選擇非常相似。有個先天失明的人做得特別好。他只有一次連線與之前的移至答案不同，那就是把“遠”與方聯(lián)系起來，把近和圓聯(lián)系起來。事實上，只有剛剛53%的普通人在遠近上給出了相反的答案。因此，我們可以得出結(jié)論：盲人可以像普通人一樣理解抽象圖案的意義。

2023年4月雅思考試（4月10日）閱讀真題答案

您好，我是專注留學(xué)考試規(guī)劃和留學(xué)咨詢的小鐘老師。在追尋留學(xué)夢想的路上，選擇合適的學(xué)校和專業(yè)，準(zhǔn)備相關(guān)考試，都可能讓人感到迷茫和困擾。作為一名有經(jīng)驗的留學(xué)顧問，我在此為您提供全方位的專業(yè)咨詢和指導(dǎo)。歡迎隨時提問！ 想要去出國留學(xué)，就必須要去完成雅思考試，并且要在該考試?yán)锬玫讲诲e的分?jǐn)?shù)。如果大家在考試前有看過以往考試的真題以及答案解析，對于自己的考試是有很多用處的。那么今天就到小鐘老師來看一看雅思考試2023年4月10日雅思閱讀部分的考試真題答案。 2023年4月10日雅思閱讀真題及答案： Passage 1 主題：自助超市 題型：填空+ 匹配+選擇 Passage 2 主題： 水母泛濫的原因及影響 題型：匹配+填空+多選 Passage 3 主題：人類的進化 題型：判斷+單選+填空 為何雅思考試閱讀總是做不完： 基礎(chǔ)薄弱導(dǎo)致讀太慢： 很多童鞋的基礎(chǔ)不夠好，主要體現(xiàn)在詞匯量不夠及語法掌握不牢，這就會導(dǎo)致題目文章理解困難，分不清復(fù)雜句結(jié)構(gòu)，導(dǎo)致抓不住重點。 針對這兩點你需要做的是： 1、牢固掌握雅思閱讀高頻詞 2、對文章進行生詞和同義替換的總結(jié) 同意替換詞是雅思閱讀最大的出題點，自己進行總結(jié)，能幫助自己更深入的理解。 3、掌握雅思閱讀重點句型 雅思閱讀重在轉(zhuǎn)折、并列、因果等邏輯上的考察，補好基礎(chǔ)語法后，需要在這些邏輯句型上花費更多的時間去掌握。 長時間緊扣單個句子： 很多同學(xué)會對每個單詞逐一停頓，并逐一翻譯地閱讀，強迫癥式地想完全理解每句話的意思，這樣會浪費很多時間，也完全沒有必要。 在雅思閱讀中，要以意群、句子，甚至幾個句子為一個單位移動，必要的時候進行跳讀。 掌握基礎(chǔ)語法和邏輯后，讀不懂的快讀，讀得懂的抓住重點。 還有同學(xué)低聲朗讀或嘴唇蠕動著默讀，用手或筆指著卷面一排排地導(dǎo)讀，這些都是嚴(yán)重影響閱讀速度的壞習(xí)慣，現(xiàn)在開始，童鞋們就應(yīng)有意識的抑制這些習(xí)慣性行為。 時間快用完時緊張負面情緒： 在考場上，很多同學(xué)越想按時完成越是緊張。一旦一篇文章沒有及時做完，后面就慢慢心態(tài)崩了... 其實，大家的目標(biāo)不是9分的話，就不是 非得做完全部的題目，最重要的是，保證已做的題全部正確。 所以在平常的練習(xí)中，先保證正確率，前期可以仔細地慢慢做，做到每題全對； 后期熟練做題并牢固掌握詞匯語法后，要在1小時內(nèi)達到40個全對的目標(biāo)，第一遍對錯誤的題進行總結(jié)，第二遍繼續(xù)練習(xí)直到1小時內(nèi)全對為止。 最后，不能單純追求詞匯量的提高，真正掌握一個單詞在語境中的意思，比自我感動式的狂刷單詞有用得多。 雅思考試閱讀有哪些考試順序： 1、何為“順序原則” “順序原則”即雅思官方在題型特點注釋中所述的“Answers are in passage order.”說的復(fù)雜一些，便是：若某一題型符合“Answers are in passage order”的描述，該題型所包含的幾個題目的答案在文中分布的相應(yīng)位置隨題號的變大而逐漸靠后。Sounds like a mouthful， right？ 簡而言之吧，就是這種題型考生可以順著題號一題一題地往文章更靠后的位置找，比較符合正常人的閱讀習(xí)慣（相信很少有人上來先讀一篇文章的第三段，或者第四段吧）。 2、順序原則與題型 宏觀地看一篇雅思閱讀文章包涵的全部題型，答案分布的順序也符合題型出現(xiàn)的先后順序，例如全文包含先判斷題，后填空題這兩種題型，則較有可能出現(xiàn)的情況是判斷題答案分布在文章的前半部分，而填空題在文章后半部分。例如： 劍橋雅思真題集系列7，Test 4 Passage 1： 前7題判斷題分布于前6個段落，剩下的段落填空題分布于第9段，和前面7段無關(guān)。 3、順序原則之于解題的指導(dǎo)方針 最后來說說順序原則和解題過程的關(guān)系。兩者的關(guān)系主要體現(xiàn)在前者對如何讀題干的影響。對于遵守順序題型的題型，考生在審閱題干時候可以選擇審一題解一題的做法，因為相關(guān)內(nèi)容在文中按順序出現(xiàn)，這樣做考生也會感到循序漸進，脈絡(luò)清楚。當(dāng)然，選擇在一開始講該題型的每個題干都審閱一遍也未嘗不可，可先完成較容易定位的題目，再活用順序原則，縮小較難定位題目所需的搜索范圍。對于亂序題型，特別是段落信息配對題，考生須在文中搜索答案之前審閱全部題干，最好讀兩遍以加深印象：因為信息在文中的分布為亂序，所以第1題的信息有可能出現(xiàn)在比如，倒數(shù)第二段，而我們的閱讀順序，如前文所述，肯定是從頭段至尾段的。若讀一題做一題便可能會出現(xiàn)做一題就耗去讀全篇的時間，得不償失。題號大的題目在這一題型中是很有可能比題號小的題目更早做出來的。 希望以上的答復(fù)能對您的留學(xué)申請有所幫助。如果您有任何更詳細的問題或需要進一步的協(xié)助，我強烈推薦您訪問我們的留學(xué)官方網(wǎng)站 ，在那里您可以找到更多專業(yè)的留學(xué)考試規(guī)劃和留學(xué)資料以及*的咨詢服務(wù)。祝您留學(xué)申請順利！

以上就是好教育為大家?guī)淼摹狙潘奸喿x翻譯】C4T1P3——視覺符號與盲人 2023年4月雅思考試（4月10日）閱讀真題答案，希望能幫助到大家！